þá [] 1. adv, conj then, at that time (when the word stands at the beginning of the clause meaning then, the verb comes next, then the subject); marking sequence after that time, thereupon, then, after that; when, at the time that, whilst, during (if it is to be translated when, the subject precedes the verb); there, where; as adverbial connective: of time when, of cause or reason when, since, as; seeing that, inasmuch as, if, when, since, as, because; marking time ~ þá when, marking cause or reason when since, as; in correlative combinations ~…~ then…when, when…then; ~ hwíle þe while, whilst, so long as; ~ gíet see ~gíet; 2. def art, feminine accusative singular and nom/acc plural; ~ þe which

þaca [] 1. 1 m (-n/-n) roof, covering; 2. gen pl of þæc

þaccian1 [] wv/t2 to clap, pat, stroke, touch gently, strike gently; smack, beat; to clap, put one thing to another

þacele see þæcele

þacian [] wv/t2 to thatch

þacum dat pl of þæc

þadder see þider

þafetere [] m (-es/-as) one who agrees or consents, one who is remiss in allowing, one who acquiesces in, or condones, what is wrong

þafettere [] m (-es/-as) one who agrees or consents, one who is remiss in allowing, one who acquiesces in, or condones, what is wrong

þafian1 [] wv/t2 1. to consent to, agree with, approve of, assent to, submit to, allow, permit; a. with accusative; b. with dative; c. with a clause; 2. to submit to, bear, suffer, endure; 3. to bear with, tolerate;

þaforlic see þaroflic, þearflic

þafung1 [] f (-e/-a) permission, consent

þág past 3rd sing of þicgan, þéon

þáh past 3rd sing of þicgan, þéon

þage see þæge

þágén see þe ágén who again

þágíet [] adv still; yet

þágýt [] adv still; yet

þágon past pl of þicgan

þáh see þéah

þám see þǽm

þamettan [] wv/t1b to clap (the hands)?

þan see þon adv

þán [] 1. adj moist, irrigated; 2. n (-es/-) irrigated land [þínan]; 3. see þǽm

þanan see þanon

þanc1 [] m (-es/-as) 1. thought, reflection, sentiment, idea; mind, will, purpose; 2. kindly thought, favor, grace, mercy, pardon; pleasure, satisfaction; reward, recompense; 3. agreeableness, pleasure, satisfaction: in phrases, (a) æfter ~e according to what is agreeable, agreeably, pleasantly; (b) on ~, tó ~es, tó ~e to the satisfaction of a person, so as to please; (c) on ~e pleasing, agreeable, grateful; 4. thanks, gratitude; ~ ágan/habban to have thanks, be thanked for something (gen, prep, clause); ~(as) dón to give thanks; ~(as) secgan to express thanks for something (gen, prep, clause), give thanks: (1) thanks to a person on whom a result depends, (possessive +gen) by (one’s) grace, favor; (2) where there is voluntary or unforced action, (possessive +gen) of (one’s own) accord, with (a person’s) consent, willingly, voluntarily; (3) where there is uncontrolled or independent action, at (one’s) pleasure or will; (4) where there is independent condition, (agnes ~es) in or of itself; (5) for (one’s) sake; Gode ~ thanks (be) to God; Godes ~es through the mercy of God; Drihtnes ~es according to the will of the Lord; mínes ~es by my favor, of my own will; on ~ willingly, gladly; an ~e acceptable, pleasant; déofla ~es in honor of devils; tó~e for the sake of

þances [] adv thankfully, gladly; voluntarily, gratis; ǽgnes ~ of his own accord

þancful [] adj ge~ thoughtful, ingenious, clever; thankful, grateful; contented, satisfied; pleasing, agreeable; energetic, spirited; adv ~líce thankfully, gratefully

þanchycgende [] adj thoughtful

þancian1 [] wv/t2 w.g. thing, w.d. person 1. to thank, give thanks, express in words or have in mind feelings of gratitude: (1) absolute, (2) with dative of person to whom thanks are given, (3) with genitive of that for which thanks are given, (4) with dative of person to whom thanks are given, and (a) genitive of thing for which, (b) with genitive of a pronoun and clause stating cause of thanks, (c) the cause of thanks given in a clause introduced by þæt; (5) combining the construction of (2) and (3); 2. to express thanks by action, show gratitude; 3. to feel gratified, rejoice; recompense, reward; w.i. rejoice

þancmetung [] f (-e/-a) deliberation, thought, consideration

þancmetegung [] f (-e/-a) deliberation, thought, consideration

þancol1 [] adj thoughtful, mindful, acute, addicted to thought; prudent, wise; ge~ desirous; ge~ suppliant

þancolmód2 [] adj thoughtful, considerate, prudent, wise, attentive, intelligent, having the mind addicted to thought, of acute mind

þancsnotor2 [] adj wise, prudent, ingenious, wise in thought

þancsnottor2 [] adj wise, prudent, ingenious, wise in thought

þancung [] f (-e/-a) thanks, thanking, thanksgiving

þancweorð [] adj thankworthy, deserving thanks, acceptable; thankful, grateful; memorable; adv ~líce gladly, willingly, in a way that shows acceptance

þancweorðlic [] adj thankworthy, deserving thanks, acceptable; thankful, grateful; memorable; adv ~líce gladly, willingly, in a way that shows acceptance

þancword [] n (-es/-) thanks, a word of thanks

þancwurð see þancweorð

þancwyrð(e) see þancweorð

þand past 3rd sing of þindan

þane see þone

þanécan þe [] adv whenever, as often as, as soon as ever

þánian [] wv/i2 to be or become moist, moisten

þanne see þonne

þanon [] adv from that time or place, thence, away; whence, from which, of which; ~…~ thence…whence; then, thereupon, henceforth; by which, through that; 1. with demonstrative force, thence; (1) marking the point from which motion takes place; (1a) followed by a relative particle, the two words together have the force of a relative; (2) marking the point from or in regard to which direction or position is estimated; (3) marking the place from which an action or operation proceeds; (4) marking source, origin; (5) marking cause, reason; (6) temporal, from that time, after that; 2. with relative force, whence; (1) referring to the point from which motion takes place; (2) referring to the point from or in regard to which direction or position is estimated; (3) referring to the place from which an action or operation proceeds; (4) referring to source or origin; (5) referring to cause or reason; 3. in correlative combination

þanone [] adv from that time or place, thence, away; whence, from which, of which; ~…~ thence…whence; then, thereupon, henceforth; by which, through that; 1. thence; (1) local; (2) temporal, after that; (3) causal; 2. whence, from which, of which

þanonforð [] adv departing thence

þanonweard [] adj moving thence

þanun see þanon

þar- see þear-, þer-

þár- see þǽr-

þára [] 1. see þǽr; 2. gen pl of , séo, þæt

þas see þæs, gen masc, neut of

þassum see þissum, dative masc, neut sing of þés

þat see þæt

þáþá see þá

þáw [] 1. see þéaw 1; 2. see þéow

þáwian [] wv/t2 to thaw

þæc [] 1. n (-es/þacu) roof, covering, roof of a building; thatch, the materal of which a roof is composed; 2. see þec, acc sing of þu

þæccille see þæcele

þæce f see þæc 1

þæcele [] f (-an/-an) torch, lamp, light [= fæcele]

þæcen see þecen

þæcile see þæcele

þæctigile [] f (-an/-an) roof-tile

þæder see þider

þædres see þider

þæderlendisc see þiderléodisc

þǽf see þéof

þæfet- see þafet-

þæge [] m pl, n pl pron they, these, those, them; also þage

þægen see þegen

þægn see þegn

þǽgon past pl of þicgan

þǽh see þéah 1 and 2

þæht see þeaht

þǽm [] masc, neut dative def art, pl dative def art. to/for the; be ~, on ~ thereon, therein; éac ~ in addition to this, besides this, also, moreover; ǽr ~ þe before; æfter ~ after, later, next, after that (fashion); for ~ (þe) therefore, on that account, for that reason, because; on ~ þe in this, in that

þǽn see þegn

þǽnan [] wv/t1b 3rd pres þǽnð past þǽnde ptp geþǽned to moisten

þæncan see þencan

þæncung see þancung

þæne see þone acc. sing. masc of

þǽnian see þánian

þænnan see þennan

þænne see þonne

þǽr [] adv, conj there, thither, yonder; where, whither; then; when; though, if, so far as, whilst, provided that; in that respect; 1. local, a. with demonstrative force, 1. there, in that place; 2. thither, to that place; b. with relative force, 1. where, in which, 2. whither, to which place; c. in correlative combinations, 1. ~… þǽr there (where, thither, whither)…where (there, thither, whither), 2. where the two forms are not separated, and may be translated by where, d. with demonstrative and relative force, as in modern where, whither; 2. metaphorical usages, 1. there, in that case, then, 2. when, ~ þǽr then when, 3. in case that, if; 3. preparing the way for the subject, there; 4. in combination with suffixed prepositions the word has the force of a pronoun; see forms given as compounds; when, ~ þǽr where, wherever; ~…of therefrom; ~ wið in regard to that; ~ rihte thereupon, straightaway

þǽra [] gen pl def art of the; gen pl of , séo, þæt of the

þǽrábútan [] adv about that place, thereabout

þæran [] wv/t1b to dry, wipe

þǽræfter [] adv thereafter, after that

þǽræt [] adv thereat

þǽrbig [] adv thereby, thus, by that (person or thing)

þǽrbie [] adv thereby, thus, by that (person or thing)

þǽrbinnan [] adv therein

þǽrbufan [] adv besides that, besides, over and above that

þǽre [] fem gen/dat def art of the; to/for the; gen, dat fem sing of

þǽrf see 1. þearf; 2. þeorf

þærf- see þearf-

þǽrforan [] conj before that

þǽrgemang [] adv thereamong

þærh see þurh

þǽrin [] adv therein, wherein

þǽrinne [] adv therein

þærle see þearle

þǽrmid [] adv therewith, with that; temporal, straightway, at the same time

þǽrnéhst [] adv next to that

þærnian [] wv/t2 to lose?

þǽrof [] adv thereof, of or from that

þǽrofer [] adv thereover, over or above that

þǽron [] adv therein; thereon; thereinto, thereof

þǽronbútan see þǽreábútan

þǽronemn [] adv alongside

þǽrongén [] adv on the contrary, there-against

þǽroninnan [] adv therein, thereinto

þǽronuppan [] adv thereupon, thereon

þǽrriht [] adj straight

þǽrrihte [] adv thereupon, forthwith, instantly, immediately, straightway, at once

þærrihtes [] adv thereupon, forthwith, instantly, immediately, straightway, at once

þærsc past 3rd sing of þerscan

þærscwald see þerscold

þærscwold see þerscold

þærst see dærst

þǽrtó [] adv thereto, to it, to that place; 1. marking position or order, next, then; 2. marking addition, besides; 3. marking association, belonging to; 4. where movement, lit. or fig., is implied, to that place; 5. thereto, for that end, for that purpose

þǽrtóéacan [] adv besides, in addition to that, moreover

þǽrtógéanes [] adv a. local, opposite; b. on the contrary, in opposition thereto; c. as an equivalent, as a set of, in return, in exchange for; d. in reply, in refutation

þǽrþǽr [] adv wherever

þǽrunder [] adv there under, under that, beneath that, beneath

þǽruppan [] adv thereon, thereupon

þǽrút [] adv outside, without, thereout

þǽrúte [] adv outside, without

þǽrwið [] adv a. therewith; b. in return, in exchange, against

þǽrymbe [] adv thereabout, on that point, about that

þǽrymbútan [] adv thereabouts

þæs [] 1. adv afterwards; thence; accordingly according as; therefore, because; therefore, wherefore, because, that; as, according as; provided; (to express proportion) the (more, etc.); tó ~ to that point, to that degree; ~ þe since, after, afterwards, the more; 2. gen sing def art of the; gen sing of and þæt

þæslǽcan1 [] irreg wv/t1b 3rd pres þæslǽceð past þæslǽhte ptp geþæslǽht to agree with, be suitable

þæslic [] 1. adj suitable, seemly, becoming, fit, meet, congruous; harmonious; comely, fair, elegant; 2. see þyllic

þæslíce [] adv in that way, so, after this manner, similarly, thus; suitably, fitly, meetly, opportunely, aptly

þæslicnes [] f (-se/-sa) fitness, convenience, meetness, agreement with what is right

þǽsma [] m (-n/-n) leaven, yeast

þǽsternes see þéostornes

þæsþe see þæs þe, in þæs

þæt [] 1. adv after that, then; 2. conj that; a. introducing substantive clauses, (1) where the clause is equivalent to the noun in the nominative, and (a) stands as the subject of the verb in the main clause; (b) where þæt or hit stands as subject in the main clause; (c) where it further explains a noun in the main clause; (2) where the clause is equivalent to a noun in the accusative, and (a) stands as object to the verb in the main clause; (b) where it is in opposition to þæt or hit standing as object in the main clause; (c) where it further explains the object of the verb in the main clause; (2a) where the subject of the clause is omitted, and the clause taken with the accusative of the main clause is equivalent to the accusative and infinitive construction; (3) where the clause is equivalent to a noun in the genitive or dative; (α) where in the main clause is a verb, verbal noun, or adjective taking after it such a case, and (a) where the substantive clause stands as object; (a1) where the subject is omitted; (b) where the main clause contains a case of a pronoun in apposition to the substantive clause; (c) where the clause explains the noun in the main clause; (β) where the clause is equivalent to a phrase, preposition and noun, with adjectival force, (a) defining the noun in the main clause; (b) in apposition to a pronoun in the main clause; 3. introducing clauses expressing end or purpose, that, in order that; 3a. with a negative, that…not, lest; 4. introducing clauses denoting result, manner, kind, degree (1) where no demonstrative word in the main clause is antecedent  to the subordinate clause, that, so that, so as (with infinitive); (1a) where the subject of the clause is omitted; (2) where the clause stands as relative to a preceding demonstrative word; (2a) where the subject of the clause is omitted; 5. introducing clauses expressing cause, reason; 6. where the main clause is not expressed, (1) in narrative; (2) in the titles of chapters (Þæt se ǽrra Rómwara Cásere Breotene gesóhte); (3) in exclamations; 7. where the construction is elliptical

þæt [] 1. conj, adv that, so that, in order that, after that, then, thence; ~ þe that; 2. neuter nominative, accusative def art the

þætte [] 1. relative pron that, which, that which; combining antecedent and relative that which, what; 2. conj that, so that, in order that; used in the same way as þæt; tó þon ~ so that [þæt þe]

þe [] indecl. particle 1. rel pron as a relative pronoun of any number, gender, or case, who, which, that (when governed by a preposition, the preposition follows. Þe is often associated by attraction with pronouns, e.g. þe ic I, þe we we): (1) where the antecedent clause does not contain a demonstrative; (2) where the antecedent clause contains a demonstrative; (3) used in combination with the personal pronouns; sé ~ his whose; ~…his whose; (4) where relative and antecedent are included in one form; 2. as adverb: (1) relative adverb; (2) before comparatives, (α) any; (β) = þý, the; 3. as conjunction: (1) introducing noun or adverb clauses, that; when; then (= þá); where (= þǽr): (α) noun clauses; (β) adverb clauses; (γ) in combination with other particles, where the combination may be rendered by a conjunction; (2) (with comparatives) than; (3) or, (α ) alone; (β) ~…þe whether…or, the…or; (β1) hwæðer (pronoun)…þe…þe; (γ) hwæðer/þeah…þe whether…or; 4. def art the (indecl.) [only in late OE]; 5. particle added to þéah, for þǽm, þæs, etc, without affecting their meaning; 6. pron thee, to thee, for thee dative singular of þu;

þé see þý

þéa see þéow

þeac see þæc

þeaca see þaca

þéada see þéoda, gen pl of þéod 1

þéadóm see þéowdóm

þéaf see þéof

þeafian see þafian

þeah past 3rd sing of þicgan

þéah [] 1. conj, adv though, although, even if, that, however, nevertheless, yet, still; whether; ~ þe although; swá ~ nevertheless, yet; ~…~ although, still, yet; 1a. combined with other particles, hwæðere, swá, …~; 2. though, although: (1) in clauses which express no uncertainty; (1a) combined with þe; (2) in hypothetical clauses, though, if, even if; (2a) in combination with þe; 3. in correlative clauses; 4. past 3rd sing of þéon

þéahhwæðere [] adv yet, moreover, however, nevertheless, but; swá ~ yet, nevertheless

þéahhweðre [] adv yet, moreover, however, nevertheless, but; swá ~ yet, nevertheless

þeaht [] n (-es/-) counsel, advice, design [þencan]

þeahte past 3rd sing of þeccan

þeahtere1 [] m (-es/-as) counselor

þeahtian1 [] wv/t2 to ponder, consider, deliberate upon, take counsel, consult; agree

þeahtung1 [] f (-e/-a) counsel, consultation

þéahþe = þéah þe

þéana [] adv nevertheless, yet; swá ~ however

þéara see þá, genitive pl of þæt

þearf [] f (-e/-a) 1. need; 2. need for or of something, which is expressed (1) by a genitive (α) of a noun, or of a pronoun referring to a noun; him wæs manna þearf to him was a need of men; (β) of a pronoun that represents a clause; nis mé þæs nán þearf I have not need of that; (γ) of a pronoun that refers to a gerundial infinitive; forþon nis mé þæs þearf, cwæð Orosius, tó secgenne because I need not, said Orosius, to say; (2) by a clause; gé habbað micle þearf, þæt gé simle wel dón ye have great need that ye may ever do well; (3) by the gerundial infinitive; ús is micel þearf tó witenne we have great need to know; (4) where that for which there is need is not expressed; hit is éow tó uncúðre, þonne gé þearfe áhton you have less knowledge on the point than you have need of; 3. needful things, what is needful; 4. what is required of a person, duty; 5. use, service, behoof, good, advantage, utility, profit, benefit; 5a. a useful thing, profitable employment; 6. need, distress, straits, difficulty, trouble, hardship, provation, distress, danger; tó ~e as is needed, according to what is needed; 7. see þeorf; 8. pres 3rd sing of þurfan; 9. adj needful, necessary;

þearfa [] 1. m (-n/-n) poor man, pauper, beggar, needy person; 2. adj destitute of, needing w.g., poor, needy

þearfan [] wv/t1b 3rd pres þearfeð past þearfde ptp þearfed to need, suffer need

þearfednes [] f (-se/-sa) poverty, destitution

þearfend [] m (-es/-) poor man; mostly in plural, the poor

þearfende [] adj indigent, needy, poor, in want

þearfendlic [] 1. adj needy, poor, miserable: (a) of persons, indigent, destitute; (b) of things, scanty, insufficient; 2. adv ~líce poorly

þearfendnes see þearfednes

þearfian [] wv/t2 3rd pres þearfað past þearfode ptp geþearfod to starve, be in need, want [Ger darben]

þearfigend [] m (-es/-) poor man

þearfléas [] adj without having cause, reason, or need to do something; adv ~léase needlessly, without cause

þearflic [] adj necessary; profitable, useful, convenient; adv ~líce usefully, profitably, with profit, to good purpose

þearflicnes [] f (-se/-sa) want, poverty, neediness

þearl [] adj (1) of persons, severe, strict, harsh, violent, vigorous; (2) of things, (a) pain, punishment, effort, and the like, severe; (b) utter, excessive, heavy; adv ~e; swíðe ~e with all their might

þearle [] adv severely, sorely, strictly, hard; this word, as does swíðe, tends to become an adverb of degree rather than one of manner or quality; where it qualifies words denoting pain, effort, or the like, it may be considered as keeping much of its old force, but even there it is used to translate Latin words marking degree; while in the case of words which do not convey such an idea, it becomes equivalent to very, very much, exceedingly, and the like; 1. where there is the idea of pain, trouble, etc. (a) where the idea of manner is more prominent; (b) where the idea of degree is more prominent, very, very much, exceedingly, excessively; 2. where there is no idea of pain, trouble, etc., very, to a great degree, very much, to a great extent, exceedingly

þearlic [] adj severe, cruel, harsh, hard to bear, violent, grievous; adv ~líce severely; strictly, exactly, thoroughly; violently

þearlmód2 [] adj stern, severe, violent, strong, mighty; of severe mind, (1) in a bad sense, stern, cruel; (2) in a good sense, severe in dealing with evil

þearlwís [] adj strict, severe, relentless

þearlwíslic [] adj severe, hard; adv ~líce severely, strictly

þearlwísnes [] f (-se/-sa) severity, strictness

þearlwýs- see þearlwís-

þearm [] m (-es/-as) gut, entrail, intestine

þearmgewind [] n (-es/-) windpipe (= windþearm); that which enwraps the intestines

þearmwind [] n (-es/-) windpipe (= windþearm); that which enwraps the intestines

þearmgyrd [] m (-es/-as) girdle, belt, belly-band

þearsc see þærsc, past 3rd sing of þerscan

þearsm see þrosm

þéat pres 3rd sing of þéotan

þéatan see þéotan

þéater [] m (þéatres/þéatras) theater

þéatscipe see þéodscipe

þéaw [] 1. m (-es/-as) usage, custom, general practice of a community; mode of conduct, custom, manner, practice, way, usage of a class or kind: (a) referring to human beings; (b) referring to animals; (c) referring to inanimate things; a practice of religion, method of belief, way of thinking, legal usage; custom, habit, manner, mode of conduct of an individual, disposition, behavior, pl conduct, behavior; in pl virtues, (good) manners, morals, morality; libban rihtum ~um to live righteously; ~um libban to live virtuously; ~um geþancol habitually thoughtful; 2. see þéow

þéawfæst [] adj decorous, moral, virtuous, honorable, of good manners, of well-ordered life; gentle

þéawfæstlíce [] adv correctly

þéawfæstnes [] f (-se/-sa) adherence to the rules of right conduct or method, discipline, obedience to rule

þéawful [] adj moral, virtuous

þéawian [] wv/t2 1. see þéowian; 2. ge~ to bring up well

þéawléas [] adj ill-mannered, ill-conditioned

þéawlic [] adj customary; decent, moral; figurative; adv ~líce

þéb- see þéof-

þec [] pron thee [accusative singular of þu]

þeccan [] irreg wv/t1b 3rd pres þecð past þeahte ptp geþeaht 1 to cover, cover over, conceal; (1) to cover an object with something; (2) to serve as covering to an object; 2 swallow up?

þeccbryce [] m (-es/-as) tile

þeccend [] m (-es/-) protector, defender, one who covers or protects

þecele see þæcele

þecen [] f (-ne/-na) thatch, tile, covering, roof; fig house [þeccan]

þecest pres 2nd sing of þeccan

þecgan [] 1. wv/t1b 3rd pres þecgeð past þegde ptp geþeged to take, consume; 2. inflected form of noun? receptacle? or = þeccan?

þéde past of þéon

þéf see þéof

þéfanþorn see þýfeþorn

þefonþorn see þýfeþorn

þéfeþorn see þýfeþorn

þefel [] ? (-?/-?) mulled wine?

þéfel see þýfel

þefian [] wv/i2 to pant, heave, palpitate, be agitated

þeften see þyften

þéfð see þíefð

þegan [] sv/t5 3rd pres þigð past þæg/þǽgon ptp geþegen to serve

þegen [] 1. see þegn; 2. past participle of þicgan

þegen- see þegn-, þén-

þegeð 3rd person singular of þecgan

þegh see þéoh

þegin see þegn

þegn [] m (-es/-as) 1. servant, one who does service for another, minister, retainer, vassal, follower, disciple; freeman, master (as opposed to slave); courtier, noble (official, as distinguished from hereditary); 2 military attendant, warrior, hero; 2. where the service is of a public or official character, an officer, minister; 2a. figurative; 3. where the service is military, soldier; 4. a follower of a great man, retainer, vassal, follower, disciple; 4a. figurative; 5. a follower of a teacher, disciple; 5a. in poetry, borrowing the terms of war; 6. one engaged in a king’s or queen’s service, whether in the household or in the country, thane; the word in this case seems gradually to acquire a technical meaning, and to become a term denoting a class (~riht, ~wer), containing, however, several degrees.  In some senses, it can be general, limited, implying military service, official work in the country; (1) where the word is used of other than Teutonic peoples (Xersis ~, Pharaones ~); (1a) where the Deity is the king served (Metodes ~); (1b) figurative; (2) where the word applies to Englishmen or to other Teutonic peoples; 6a. a thane who served a bishop; 6b. one engaged in the service of the republic; 7. a person of rank, one of a class higher than the ordinary freeman (ceorl); 8. brave man, noble man, good warrior; 8a. in poetry, the word is used, like eorl, as a complimentary term for man, warrior

þegn- see also þén-

þegnboren [] adj well-born, of gentle birth

þegnestmann [] m (-es/-menn) thane

þegnestre [] f (-an/-an) female servant

þegngylde [] n (-es/-u) legal money value of a thane, the wergild for a thane

þegnhyse [] m (-es, -hysses/-as, -hyssas) attendant, retainer, follower

þegnian1 [] wv/t2 3rd pres þegnað past þegnode ptp þegnod 1. to serve a person (dat), do a person (dat) service, minister to, attend upon; 2. to serve food, to supply wants, minister to necessities, provide, wait on, supply another with anything; 3. to serve an office, administer, perform the duties of an office;

þegnlagu [] f (-e/-a) thane-law, the legal rights, duties, and privileges which attached to the rank of thane

þegnlic [] adj noble, brave, loyal, manly, manful; adv ~líce bravely, manfully, like a brave man, gallantly

þegnrǽden [] f (-ne/-na) thaneship, service, the condition of being a thane, service

þegnriht [] n (-es/-) thane-right, the legal rights and privileges which attached to the rank of thane

þegnscipe [] m (-es/-as) 1. thaneship, the status of thane; service, duty; ability; 2. a body of thanes, body of retainers; 3. bravery, manfulness, gallantry, manliness, valor; 4. in that part of the Genesis which is thought to show Old Saxon influence, the word occurs with the meaning of service to a lord, like the Old Saxon thegenskepi;

þegnscolu [] f (-e/-a) band of vassals, band of thanes, a following

þegnsorg [] f (-e/-a) sorrow for loss of thanes

þegnung see þénung, þéning

þegnung [] f (-e/-a) service, ministration; 1. service, good office done by one to another; 1a. service rendered by things, use; 1b. use made of things; 2. service to a lord or master; 2a. service, obedience, suit and service; 3. service of an official, office, official employment, ministry; 4. the act of serving in an official capacity; 4a. a service, an official performance, a service of religion, an office of the church, a ceremonial or ritual service; 4b. a service, the formulas used in a service; 5. service of food, a meal, food served, food, provision; 6. in a personal sense, a following, retinue, train, (like folgað)

þegnungbóc [] f (-béc/-béc) book for divine service, mass-book, a book giving the religious services that were to be performed; Leviticus

þegnungfæt [] n (-es/-fatu) a vessel used in the service of the kitchen

þegnunggást [] m (-es/-as) a ministering spirit

þegnunghús [] n (-es/-) a house in which an employment is carried on, a workshop

þegnungmann [] m (-es/-menn) 1. in a general sense, a serving-man, attendant; 2. a servant of a lord or king, thane, minister: (a) in a general sense; (b) as a technical English term

þegnungwerod [] n (-es/-) body of serving-men or attendants

þegnweorud [] n (-es/-) band of followers, a host of thanes

þegnwer [] m (-es/-as) thane’s ‘wergild’, the wergild of a thane

þego see þegu

þégon see þǽgon, past pl of þicgan

þegu see béah~, wín~

þegu [] f (-e/-a) a taking, accepting

þeh see þec

þéh [] 1. see þéoh 1; 2. see þéah

þeht see þeaht

þel [] n (-es/-) board, plank, (metal) plate, a thin piece of wood or metal [Ger diele]

þell [] n (-es/-) board, plank, (metal) plate, a thin piece of wood or metal [Ger diele]

þelbrycg [] f (-e/-a) bridge of planks

þelcræft see þylcræft

þellfæsten [] n (-nes/-nu) fastness made of planks, ship, ark, a fortress of planks (Noah’s ark)

þellian see þilian

þelma [] m (-n/-n) noose, snare, trap

þelneðung [] f (-e/-a) some kind of plant

þelu see buruh~, benc~

þém see þǽm

þén see þegn

þencan1 [] irreg wv/t1b 3rd pres þencð past þóhte ptp geþóht 1. absolute, to meditate, cogitate, consider; 2. where the thought is the object of the verb, to think, have in mind; 2a. where the thought is expressed; 3. to think, suppose, imagine, hold as an opinion or belief; 4. to think of, consider, employ the mind on a subject, meditate, reason: (1) where the subject of thought is in the accusative; (2) where the subject of thought is in the genitive; (3) where the subject of thought is governed by a preposition, to think about, of, on a subject; (4) where the subject of thought is given in a clause introduced by an indirect interrogative; (5) where the construction is uncertain; 5. to direct the thoughts to an object, (a) to look to with attention, turn the thoughts to; (b) to look to with trust, expectation, expect of; (c) where purpose or intention is implied, to turn the thoughts to an action, to be bent upon something, have an intention to do something, intend, mean, purpose; 6. to think of something, where it is implied that effect will be given to the thought, to determine, devise, mean, purpose, intend, (a) with genitive; (b) followed by an infinitive, to think of doing something, intend to do; (b1) with the gerundial infinitive; (b2) with infinitive omitted; (c) followed by a clause; (d) with an accusative, to which a clause stands in apposition; 7. to think of doing something with hope or expectation, to desire, seek, wish, long for; 8. to think, call to mind, originate in the mind, remember, recollect; ~ mid to remember someone with (a gift) [þanc]; 2. see þyncan

þencendlic [] adj thoughtful

þende see þenden

þénde see þéonde

þenden [] 1. conj while, as long as, until; (1) where the periods of the actions marked by the verbs in the conjoined clauses are co-extensive, as long as, (all the) while (that); (2) where the verbs of the conjoined clauses denote contemporaneous actions; (3) where the period of the action of the verb in the first clause is included within that of the verb in the subjoined clause, while, at some time during the period when; 2. adv meanwhile

þene see þone

þénest [] f (-e/-a) service, entertainment [Ger dienst]

þénestmann [] m (-es/-menn) serving-man, retainer

þénestre [] f (-an/-an) servant, handmaiden

þeng see þegn

þengel2 [] m (þengles/þenglas) prince, king, lord, ruler

þenian see þennan

þénian see þegnian

þénigmann see þéningmann

þéningfæt [] n (-es/-fatu) serving-vessel

þéninggást [] m (-es/-as) ministering spirit

þéninghús [] n (-es/-) workshop

þéningmann [] m (-es/-menn) serving-man

þénisc [] n (-es/-) (religious) service

þennan1 [] wv/t1a 3rd pres þeneð past þenede ptp geþened 1. to stretch, stretch out, spread out, extend; 2. to prostrate, overthrow; 3. to strain, make an effort, exert one’s self, press on; spread the fame of, magnify

þenning [] f (-e/-a) stretching, extension

þénung [] f (-e/-a) service, ministration; 1. service, good office done by one to another; 1a. service rendered by things, use; 1b. use made of things; 2. service to a lord or master; 2a. service, obedience, suit and service; 3. service of an official, office, official employment, ministry; 4. the act of serving in an official capacity; 4a. a service, an official performance, a service of religion, an office of the church, a ceremonial or ritual service; 4b. a service, the formulas used in a service; 5. service of food, a meal, food served, food, provision; 6. in a personal sense, a following, retinue, train, (like folgað)

þénungbóc [] f (-béc/-béc) book for divine service, mass-book, a book giving the religious services that were to be performed; Leviticus

þénungfæt [] n (-es/-fatu) a vessel used in the service of the kitchen

þénunggást [] m (-es/-as) a ministering spirit

þénunghús [] n (-es/-) a house in which an employment is carried on, a workshop

þénungmann [] m (-es/-menn) 1. in a general sense, a serving-man, attendant; 2. a servant of a lord or king, thane, minister: (a) in a general sense; (b) as a technical English term

þénungwerod [] n (-es/-) body of serving-men or attendants

þéo [] 1. see þéow m; 2. dat sing of þéoh; 3. see séo 2; 4. pres 1st sing of þéon

þéod [] f (-e/-a) 1. a nation, people, tribe; 1a. where the general term is used, but only a part of the people is actually concerned; 1b. in pl the Gentiles; 1c. a race; 1d. in a general sense, particularly in pl, people, men; war-troop, retainers; 2. in a local sense, the district occupied by a people, a country, region, province; 3. a language; 4. fellowship;

þéod- [] prefix as the first part of several compounds, þéod has the force of general, public, great; the form is also found in proper names

þéodan1 [] wv/t1b 3rd pres þéodeð past þéodde ptp geþéoded to join (trans, intrans), associate (with), attach or subject oneself to; come to, be near; ge~ engage in; ge~ translate; ~ fram separate

þéodbealu2 [] n (-wes/-) public calamity, great ill, grievous ill

þéodbúende2 [] m pl earth-dwellers, mortals, those living in nations, mankind, men

þéodcwén [] f (-e/-e) queen, empress, a great queen

þéodcyning [] m (-es/-as) 1. the king of a whole nation, a monarch, an independent sovereign; 2. 2 God, the king of all nations, the monarch of the world, the Deity

þéode past 3rd sing of þéon

þéodegsa [] m (-n/-n) general terror, a terror that afflicts whole nations, a mighty, general terror

þéoden [] m (-es/-as) 1. the chief of a þéod, a prince, king, chief of a tribe, ruler; 2. a great man, lord, chief; 2a. referring to other than men; 3. referring to the Deity, (1) God, (2) Christ [þéod]

þéodend [] m (-es/-) translator

þéodengedál [] n (-es/-) separation from one’s lord (through his death)

þéodenhold2 [] adj faithful to one’s lord, loyal

þéodenléas [] adj without a ruler, lord, or chief, lordless, deprived of one’s prince

þéodenmádm [] m (-es/-as) treasure given by a prince

þéodenmáðm [] m (-es/-as) treasure given by a prince

þéodenstól2 [] m (-es/-as) throne, the seat of a king

þéodeorðe [] f (-an/-an) the whole inhabited earth, the world

þéodféond [] m (-es/-fíend) public enemy, archfiend, archenemy

þéodfruma [] m (-n/-n) prince of a people, a lord, ruler

þéodgestréon [] n (-es/-) people’s treasure, great possession, great treasure

þéodguma2 [] m (-n/-n) man, warrior, retainer, a chief man of the people, a great man

þéodhere [] m (-es/-as) national army, army of a nation, the military force of a people, national host

þéodherpæð [] m (-es/-paðas) the highway, public road

þéodig see el~

þéodiglic see el~

þéodignes see el~

þéodisc [] 1. 2 n (-es/-) speech, language; 2. adj Gentile, belonging to the people; [Ger deutsch]

þéodland [] n (-es/-) 1. inhabited land, district, country, region, empire; 2. the continent

þéodláreow [] m (-es/-as) great teacher

þéodlic [] adj national, of a people

þéodlícetere [] m (-es/-as) public deceiver, arch-hypocrite

þéodloga [] m (-n/-n) arch-liar, great liar, arch-imposter

þéodmægen [] n (-es/-) troop, host, a tribal force

þéodnes1 [] f (-se/-sa) junction, joining; ge~ joining, suture; conjunction, association, society; ge~ conjugation; ge~ translation

þéodrǽden1 [] f (-ne/-na) intercourse, fellowship

þéodsceaða2 [] m (-n/-n) public pest, criminal, criminal against the community, a spoiler of the community, a great criminal or spoiler

þéodscipe [] m (-es/-as) 1. nation, people, community, population; 2. connection, association, fellowship; 3. teaching, instruction, training, testimony; learning, erudition; 3a. instruction, being taught; 3b. testimony; 4. what is taught or enjoined, a rule, regulation, law, religion; 4a. a collection of regulations, law, religion; administration, law, authority; 5. discipline, a disciplinary regulation; 6. (regular) custom, (proper) mode of conduct, conduct; 7. learning, knowledge, understanding;

þéodstefn [] m (-es/-as) tribe, nation, a stock, people

þéodþréa [] f? (-n/-n), m? (-n/-n) general distress, a great calamity

þéodweg [] m (-es/-as) a highway

þéodwiga [] m (-n/-n) great warrior, mighty warrior

þéodwita [] m (-n/-n) 1. one of the wise men of a nation, one whose knowledge fits him for a place on the councils of the nation, senator; 2. a man of great wisdom or learning, a sage, learned man;; 2a. used of a poet; 2b. used of a historian or philosopher or man of science

þéodwrecan [] sv/t5 3rd pres þéodwricð past þéodwræc/þéodwrǽcon ptp þéodwrecen to avenge thoroughly, take great vengeance for

þéodwundor [] n (-wundres/-) great wonder, mighty miracle

þéof [] 1. m (-es/-as) criminal, thief, robber; (the laws which affected a thief himself were very severe. Anyone above the age of 12, who was caught stealing property above the value of eight pence, was liable to capital punishment. The extreme penalty was not in all cases exacted; but in case of repeated conviction there was to be no remission. He who struck down a thief in public was rewarded.); 2. f (-e/-a) theft

þéofdenn [] n (-es/-) robber’s cave, thieves’ cave

þéofend [] f (-e/-a) thieving, theft (the word seems only to occur in the plural)

þéofet see þiefð

þéofeþorn see þýfeþorn

þéoffeng [] m (-es/-as) seizure of thieves by an owner on his own land; right to fines payable on conviction for theft?; 1. the word seems to denote the obligation of one who holds land to arrest and bring to justice those who committed theft on that land, and occurs generally in connection with the burdens from which land, when granted, was relieved; 2. in other passages, however, the word implies advantage, and seems to refer to the right to receive the fines which might be exacted in case of conviction for theft.

þéofgield [] n (-es/-) payment for theft, payment made in the way of fine or compensation by one convicted of stealing

þéofian1 [] wv/t2 to thieve, steal

þéofmann [] m (-es/-menn) robber, brigand, bandit

þéofsceaða [] m (-n/-n) robber

þéofsceolu see þéofscolu

þéofscip [] n (-es/-u) pirate-ship, pirate-vessel

þéofscolu [] f (-e/-a) band of robbers, a gang or band of thieves

þéofscyldig [] adj guilty of theft

þéofslege [] m (-es/-as) slaying of a thief

þéofslieht [] m (-es/-as) slaying of a thief

þéofstolen [] adj stolen, taken by thieves; past participle

þéofð see þíefð

þéofung [] f (-e/-a) thieving

þéofunt see þéofend

þéofwracu [] f (-e/-a) punishment for theft

þéoging [] f (-e/-a) increase, profit, profiting, thriving; advance, progress, advancement

þéoh [] 1. n (þéos/þéos) thigh, hip; 2. imperative of þéon

þéohece [] m (-es/-as) pain in the thigh, thigh-ache

þéohgelǽte [] n (-es/-u) thigh-joint, the meeting of the thigh with the part of the body above it

þéohgeweald [] n pl genitalia

þéohhweorfa [] m (-n/-n) knee-cap, knee-joint

þéohscanca [] m (-n/-n) thigh-bone, thigh-shank, the upper part of the leg

þéohseax [] n (-es/-) hip-sword, short sword that could be worn on the thigh

þéohwræc [] m (-es/-wracas) pain in the thigh(s)

þéon [] 1. sv/t1 3rd pres þíehð past þáh/þigon ptp geþigen, sv/t2 3rd pres þíehð past þéah/þugon ptp geþogen to thrive, prosper, flourish, grow, increase, ripen; 1. of persons in respect to either physical or moral growth: (1) absolute; (2) where that, in which the growth, etc., takes place, is stated; (3) where that, in relation to which the growth, etc., takes place, is stated; 2. of things abstract or concrete; 3. be profitable, to become or be great, succeed, excel; lengthen (of days); geþogen adult; 2. wv/t2 see þýwan; 3. wv/t2 3rd pres þéodað past þéode ptp geþéod 2 to perform, do, effect; 4. ge~ to receive, take

þéona see þéoh

þeonan see þanon

þéonde present participle of þéon 1

þeonen see þanon

þéonest see þénest

þéonýð see þéownýd

þéor [] m? (-es/-as) inflammation?

þéorádl [] f (-e/-a) some disease, inflammation?, blistering heat?

þeorcung see deorcung

þéordrenc [] m (-es/-as) a drink used for inflammation/þéorádl

þeorf [] 1. adj unleavened; fresh?, skim? (milk); 2. n (-es/-) unleavened bread

þeorfa see þearfa

þeorfdagas [] m pl days of unleavened bread

þeorfdæg [] m (-es/-dagas) a day on which unleavened bread was to be eaten

þeorfhláf [] m (-es/-as) loaf of unleavened bread

þeorfling [] m (-es/-as) unleavened bread/loaf

þeorfnes [] f (-se/-sa) freedom from leaven, purity, unleavenedness; metaphorically, freedom from impurity, purity

þeorfsymbel [] n (-symbles/-) feast of unleavened bread

þéorgerid [] n (-es/-) inflammation? accompanying þéor

þeorscwold see þerscold

þéorwærc [] m (-es/-as) inflammatory disease?, pain caused by þéor

þéorwenn [] f (-e/-a) inflammatory tumor or blister, carbuncle

þéorwyrm [] m (-es/-as) inflammatory (parasitic) worm, worm in a boil

þéorwyrt [] f (-e/-e) fleabane, ploughman’s spikenard

þéos [] 1. demonstrative pronoun, nom fem this; gen þisse of this; dat þisse to/for this; acc þás this; see þés; 2. gen sing of þéoh; 3. gen sing of þéow

þeossa see þisse

þeossum see þissum

þéoster see þéostor

þéostor [] adj dark, gloomy; sad, mournful

þéostorcofa2 [] m (-n/-n) dark chamber, used of a place where a person or thing is buried

þéostorful [] adj dark, dusky, full of darkness, obscure

þéostorfulnes [] f (-se/-sa) darkness, obscurity

þéostorlic [] adj obscure, dark

þéostorloca [] m (-n/-n) tomb, dark enclosure

þéostornes [] f (-se/-sa) darkness

þéostre [] adj dark, gloomy; sad, mournful; 1. in a physical sense, without light; 2. metaphorically, of absence of spiritual or mental light, or of cheerfulness; see þéostor, þéostru

þéostrian1 [] wv/t2 1. to make dark or dim, to make the eye less capable of seeing, dim the sight; 2. to grow dark, become dim, be eclipsed; darken, obscure

þéostrig [] adj dark, obscure, blinded

þéostru [] f (-e/-a) darkness, gloom (literally, metaphorically); dimness of sight (lit, metaphorically) þéostre n (often in pl)

þéostrung [] f (-e/-a) twilight, gloom, darkness, gloom

þeosum see þisum

þéotan [] sv/t2 3rd pres þíeteð past þéat/þuton ptp geþoten 1. to roar, howl, howl like a wolf; 2. of other sounds: sound forth, resound, murmur

þéote [] f (-an/-an) torrent, fountain, cataract, waterfall; conduit, pipe, pipe or channel through which water rushes; [þéotan]

þéow [] 1. f (-e/-a) female servant or slave, m (-es/-as) servant, slave; 2. adj servile, not free, bond

þéowa [] m (-n/-n) see þéow 1

þéowæt see þéowot

þéowan [] 1. wv/t1b to press, impress, force; to press on, urge on, drive; to press with a weapon, thrust, pierce, stab; to press, threaten, rebuke; to subjugate, crush, push, oppress, check; 2. see þéowian

þéowatdóm see þéowotdóm

þéowboren [] adj not free-born, born in servitude, slave-born, born of parents in slavery

þéowberde [] adj not free-born, born in servitude, of servile birth

þéowcnapa [] m (-n/-n) bondservant, servant-lad

þéowdóm [] m (-es/-as) service, vassalage, subjection; in an unfavorable sense slavery, servitude; 1. in the more favorable sense; 1a. service of the church, divine service; 2. in the less favorable sense

þéowdómhád [] m (-a/-a) service

þéowe [] f (-an/-an) female servant, or slave, handmaiden

þéowen see þéowe

þéowene see þéowe

þéowet see þéowot, þéowt-

þéowhád [] m (-a/-a) servitude, service, the condition of a servant

þéowian [] wv/t2 3rd pres þéowað past þéowde ptp geþéowd 1. 1 to serve (of animate or inanimate objects), be a servant or slave, be subject to: (1) in the more favorable sense, (a) absolute; (b) followed by dative of the person or institution served; (c) with dative of practice in which a person labors, to be devoted to, attend to, bestow pains on, work at; minister to; (d) with accusative (?) of service done, to perform a service; (2) in the less favorable sense, (a) absolute; (b) with dative of that which is served; 2. 1 to enslave, reduce to a state of slavery, deprive of freedom, give over into slavery; 3. see þýn; 4. ge~ see geþéodan

þéowin see þéowe

þéowincel [] n (-incles/-inclu) little servant, young slave, slave

þéowing [] f (-e/-a) threat, reproof

þéowlic [] adj servile

þéowling [] m (-es/-as) slave

þéowmann [] m (-es/-menn) servant

þéowne accusative singular of þéowen

þéowníd [] f (-e/-e) violence or force that enslaves or subdues, oppression, enslavement

þéownýd2 [] f (-e/-e) serfdom, slavery

þéowot [] n (-tes/-tu) service, ministry; in an unfavorable sense, servitude, bondage, slavery; 1. of voluntary service: 2. of forced service

þéowotdóm [] m (-es/-as) service

þéowracian [] wv/t2 to threaten, menace

þéowracu see þéowwracu

þéowtlic [] adj of a slave, servile

þéowtling [] m (-es/-as) servant, a (poor) slave; the diminutive form seems to be depreciatory in this case

þéowtscipe [] m (-es/-as) service

þéowð see þéofð, þíefð

þéowu see þéowe

þéowut see þéowot

þéowweorc [] n (-es/-) servile work, work to be done by a slave

þéowwracian [] wv/t2 to threaten

þéowwracu [] f (-e/-a) combination, threat, threatening

þeox [] ? (-?/-?) hunting spear

þér see þǽr

þeran [] sv/t5 3rd pres þirð past þær/þǽron ptp geþeren to rush

þerc- see þersc-

þercs- see þersc-

þercan see þerscan

þerccan see þerscan

þerexwold see þerscold

þerf see þeorf

þerflicnes see þearflicnes

þerh see þurh

þérinne see þǽrinne

þérrihte see þǽrrihte

þerscan1 [] sv/t3 3rd pres þirscð past þærsc/þurscon ptp geþorscen to thrash; to thresh, thrash, beat, strike, flog; to thrash corn; to pound, batter;

þerscel [] f (-e/-a) flail, an implement for thrashing corn, a thrashle, threshel

þerscelflór [] f (-a/-a) threshing-floor

þerscold [] m (-es/-as) threshold, border, limit

þerscwald [] m (-es/-as) threshold, border, limit

þerscwold [] m (-es/-as) threshold, border, limit

þerxold [] m (-es/-as) threshold, border, limit

þerxwold [] m (-es/-as) threshold, border, limit

þes see þæs

þés [] masc def art (þéos f, þis n) this; beforan þissum, ǽr þissum before this, formerly; 1. used adjectivally: (1) alone with a noun; (1a) where objects are contrasted, this as opposed to that, one as contrasted with others; (2) with numerals or adjective forms used substantively; (3) where the noun is qualified by an adjective; (3a) with a numeral used adjectivally; 2. used substantively: (1) pointing out a person or an object; (1a) this, the present; (1b) where there is a contrast between two objects, this as opposed to that or the other; (2) where the pronoun refers to that which has been stated; (2a) where the pronoun refers to a statement immediately following

þéster- see þéostor-

þéstrian see þéostrian

þet see þæt

þette see þætte

þéw- see þéow-

þí see þý

þíada see þéoda gen pl of þéod

þicce [] adj thick; 1. of substances, (1) of liquids or moist materials, thick, viscous, solid; (2) of solid material, dense, stiff; 2. of air, cloud, darkness, etc., thick, dense, hazy, gloomy; 3. where objects are placed close together, thick, dense; 3a. growing thickly, abundant, numerous; 4. marking dimension, (1) in a general sense, thick, stout, deep; (2) of more exact measurement, thick; 5. see þiccet

þicce [] adv 1. marking closeness in the texture or composition of a whole, closely, thickly; 2. marking closeness of separate objects, thickly, densly, closely; 3. marking action that occurs with frequency or with little intermission, often, frequently; 4. marking abundance, thickly; 5. see þiccet

þiccet [] n (-tes/-tu) thick bushes, thicket; a place where there is dense growth[þicce]

þiccian [] wv/t2, wv/i2 to thicken; crowd together; to make or become thick, of persons, to throng

þiccnes see þicnes

þiccol [] adj fat, corpulent

þiccul [] adj fat, corpulent

þicfeald [] adj dense, close

þicgan1 [] sv/t5 3rd pres þigeð past þeah/þǽgon ptp geþegen 1. to take, receive, accept; 2. to take food, poison, medicine, etc., to eat or drink, consume, partake of; swǽsende/swǽsenda ~ to take food; weak verb in West Saxon

þiclíce [] adv thickly, often, continually, frequently, in large numbers, in great numbers, in quick succession

þicnes [] f (-se/-sa) 1. referring to the consistency of matter, thickness, viscosity, density, hardness; 2. referring to the lack of transparency, thickness, obscurity, cloud, darkness; 3. thicket; 4. referring to dimension, thickness, depth, a thick body, anything thick or heavy (as clouds or rain)

þíd- see þéod-

þídan see þyddan

þider [] adv thither, whither, on that side, where motion is expressed or implied; 1. as absolute demonstrative, thither, to that place; 1a. in an indefinite sense; 2. as antecedent; 3. in correlative clauses, thither…whither; 4. where antecedent and relative are contained in the one form, to the place which, whither; 5. as a relative, whither; hider and ~ or hidres þidres/þædres hither and thither

þidercyme [] m (-es/-as) a coming hither

þidergeond [] adv thither

þiderinn [] adv therein, into that place; (1) where motion is expressed or implied; (2) of other relations

þiderléodisc [] adj to that people, of that people, native

þiderweard [] adv thitherwards, thither, in that direction, towards that place or point

þiderweardes [] adv thitherwards, thither, in that direction, towards that place or point

þidres see þider

þíed- see þéod-

þieder see þider

þíef- see þéof-

þíefefeoh [] n (-féos/-) stolen goods

þíefð [] f (-e/-a) theft, act of thieving; what is stolen, stolen goods, theft; (þéoft); [þéof]

þíen see þýn

þíende see þéonde

þíenen see þínen

þienga see þinga, gen pl of þing

þíestr- see þéostr-

þíf- see þíef-, þýf-

þífeþorn [] m (-es/-as) buckthorn

þigde past 1st, 3rd sing of þicgan

þigede past 1st, 3rd sing of þicgan

þigen [] 1. f (-e/-a) receiving, taking (of food or drink), partaking, eating, drinking; what is taken, food, meat, or drink [þicgan]; 2. past participle of þéon 1, and þicgan

þigeð pres 3rd sing of þicgan

þiging [] f (-e/-a) the taking of anything to eat or drink, eating or drinking

þignan [] wv/t1b to eat

þignen see þínen

þígon past pl of þéon 1

þíh see þéoh

þíhsl see þísl

þíht [] adj tight, firm, strong

þiht see maga~, mete~ and thight

þihtig see þyhtig

þíhð pres 3rd sing of þéon 1

þil- see þyl-

þilian [] wv/t2 to plank, lay with planks as in making a bridge, board over [Ger dielen]

þilic see þyllic

þiling [] f (-e/-a) boarding, flooring, floor, somethingn composed of planks; table

þille [] n (-es/-u) thin board, plank, flooring, boarding [Ger diele]

þillian see þilian

þillic see þyllic

þimiama [] m (-n/-n) incense [L thymiama]

þín [] 1. gen pron of thou; gen sing of þu; 2. adj pron thine, thy; 3. see þigen 1

þínan [] wv/t1b to grow moist

þinc see þing

þincan [] see 1. þyncan; 2. þencan

þindan [] sv/t3 3rd pres þindeð past þand/þundon ptp geþunden to swell, swell up; (wrongly, through confusion btw. tabescere and tumescere) melt, pass away; be angry; figurative, to swell with indignation, pride, etc.

þínen [] f (-ne/-na) female servant, female attendant, maid-servant, handmaid; midwife [þegn]

þing [] n (-es/-) thing, creature; object, property; cause, motive, reason; lawsuit; event, affair, act, deed, enterprise; condition, circumstances; contest, discussion, meeting, council, assembly; court of justice; point, respect; mid nánum ~um adv not at all; for his ~um for his sake; for þisum ~um for this reason; be fullum ~um abundantly; ǽnige ~a anyhow, in any way, somehow; raðost ~a at the earliest; ælces ~es entirely, in every respect; oferdóne ~ excesses

þingan [] sv/t3 3rd pres þingeð past þang/þungon ptp geþungen, wv/t1b to invite, address

þingere1 [] m (-es/-as) advocate, intercessor, mediator; priest, who in his office intercedes for people

þingestre [] f (-an/-an) female advocate, mediatrix

þinggemearc2 [] n (-es/-) reckoning of time, allotted time, measuring (time) by events

þingian [] wv/t2 w.d. to beg, pray, ask, ask favor, intercede for; covenant, conciliate, compound with, settle; prescribe; wv/r2 to reconcile oneself (with); determine, purpose, design, arrange; talk, harangue

þingian [] wv/t2 1. w.d. to beg, pray, ask, intercede for, ask favor, supplicate, plead, intervene; (1) absolute; (2) to intercede for a person (w.d. or for w.d. or a.); (3) to ask for (for + acc) a person that some favor may be granted (clause); (4) to intercede, plead before a person; (5) to intercede for a person (w.d., or for + dat, acc) to or with another (tó, mid, wið); (6) to make intercession to (tó) a person that something may be granted (clause); 1a. referring to intercession to the Deity; 2. to make terms, settle, (1) absolute; (2) to settle a dispute; (3) to settle the terms of an agreement, to agree that…; (4) to settle with (wið) a person, to come to terms, be reconciled; (5) to make terms for; (6) to make terms for a person (dat. or for) with (wið) another, to reconcile; 3. to settle to do something, to determine; 4. to speak, discourse; 4a. with géan, ongéan, wið, to address, accost;

þingléas [] adj free (from sin or crime), exempt

þingrǽden [] f (-ne/-na) intercession, pleading, mediation, intervention, advocacy

þingstede2 [] m (-es/-as) place of assembly, place where a meeting is held

þingstów [] f (-e/-a) meeting-place, place of council; place where ways meet, village; market

þingum [] adv purposely; instrumental pl of þing

þingung1 [] f (-e/-a) advocacy, intercession, mediation, intervention

þinn- see þynn-

þínne acc sing masc of þín 2

þínnen see þínen

þinra see þynra, comparative of þynne

þínra, gen pl of þín 2

þint pres 3rd sing of þindan

þío see þéo

þio- see þeo-

þír [] f (-e/-a) a female servant [ON þir]

þird- see þrid-

þíre see þínre, gen dat sing fem of þín 2

þirel see þyrel

þirl- see þyrl-

þirnet see þyrniht

þirran [] wv/t1a to dry, wipe

þirsceflór see þersceflór

þirscelflór see þersceflór

þirscwald see þerscold

þirst see þurst

þis [] neut nominative dem pron this; gen þises, þisses; dat þisum, þissum; instr þýs, þís; for ~sum þingum for this reason

þisa see þissa, gen pl of þés

þisan see þisum, dat sing masc, neut of þés

þises gen sing masc, neut of þés

þísl [] f (-e/-a) wagon-pole, pole, shaft [Ger deichsel]

þísle [] f (-an/-an) wagon-pole, pole, shaft [Ger deichsel]

þislic see þyllic

þism see dism

þisne acc sing of þés

þison see þisum, dat sing masc, neut of þés

þissa gen pl of þés

þisse gen dat sing fem of þés

þissere gen dat sing fem of þés

þisson dat sing masc, neut, and dat pl of þés

þissum dat sing masc, neut, and dat pl of þés

þistel [] m (þistles/þistlas) thistle

þistelgeblǽd [] n (-es/-) blister caused by thistle

þistelléag [] m (-es/-as) thistle-covered meadow?

þisteltwige [] f (-an/-an) goldfinch or some other bird that eats thistle-down

þísternes see þéostornes

þístr- see þéostr-

þístra [] m (-n/-n) trace, article of harness?

þisum, dat sing masc, neut, dat pl of þés

þiðer see þider

þiustra see þéostor

þíw- see þýw-, þéow-

þíxl see þísl

þó [] f (-n/-n) clay, loam [Ger ton]

þocerian [] wv/t2 to run up and down, run about

þocrian [] wv/t2 to run up and down, run about

þoddettan [] wv/t1b to strike, push, batter

þoden [] n (-ne/-nu), m (þodnes/þodnas) whirlwind, high wind, whirlpool, violent wind

þódor see þóðor

þoft [] f (-e/-a) bench for rowers

þofte [] f (-an/-an) bench for rowers

þoftrǽden1 [] f (-ne/-na) fellowship

þoftscipe [] m (-es/-as) companionship, fellowship; alliance; intimacy

þóh see tóh

þóhe [] f (-an/-an) clay

þóhiht [] adj clayey

þóht1 [] m (-es/-as), n (-es/-) process of thinking, thought; mind; a thought, idea, purpose; decree; compassion, viscera

þóhte past 3rd sing of þencan

þóiht [] adj clayey

þol [] m (-es/-as) thole or thowl, oar-pin, a peg in the side of a boat to keep the oar in place

þolebyrde [] adj patient, long-suffering, bearing patiently

þolebyrdnes [] f (-se/-sa) endurance, patience, long-suffering

þolemód see þolmód

þolian [] wv/t2 to thole, suffer, endure, undergo; 1. to suffer what is evil, punishment, reproach, illness, grief, etc.; 1a. to suffer, undergo, submit to discipline, treatment, allow; 1b. of things which are used to do hard work; 2. to suffer a person, bear with, tolerate a condition of things, let come to pass; 3. w.g. to suffer lack or loss of something, to lose what one has, lack, to fail to get what one desires; in many cases the loss or failure is the result of wrong either done or suffered by the subject of a verb, to forfeit, dispense with, be (wrongfully) deprived of; 3a. with a preposition; 4. wv/i2 to hold out, exercise endurance, endure, not to give in, persevere; of things, to last, continue to be serviceable; remain, survive; fréotes ~ to be reduced to slavery; héafdes ~ to forfeit life

þoll see þol

þolle [] f (-an/-an) instrument on which a martyr was burned, saucepan, frying pan

þolmód [] 1. adj forbearing, patient, of a patient disposition, endurance; 2. m (-es/-as) patience?

þolmódnes [] f (-se/-sa) forbearance, patience, endurance, long-suffernig

þolo- see þol-, þole-

þolung [] f (-e/-a) passion

þon [] 1. instrumental singular of ; 2. adv then, now; thence; (in negative clauses, with comparatives) in comparison with; inasmuch as, when; æfter ~ after that; ǽr ~ before that (antequam); nó ~ lange… not long until; tó ~ to that extent, so that, after that; 3 see þonne; 3. then, from that time, after that; 4. so, as; ~ ǽr þe as soon as; 5. with comparatives, in negative sentences; (a) with adjectives, (α) followed by þonne or þe, any; (α1) where þon is preceded by wihte, any at all; (β) where the comparative takes the dative before it; (γ) where neither particle nor case follows the comparative; (b) with adverbs, (α) followed by þe; (β) without þe; (β1) where áwiht or wuhte precedes þon, any at all

þón see þǽm

þonan see þanon

þonc see þanc

þone [] masc acc def art the, that; accusative masculine form of

þonécan see þanécan

þonen see þanon

þong see þanc

þonne [] adv, conj then; therefore, wherefore; yet; while, when; thereafter, henceforth; rather than; since; although; (with comparatives) than; ~…þonne when…then; ~ hwæðere yet, nevertheless; ~ gýt as yet, even; ~ þe since; generally if the subject follows the verb the word is to be rendered by then, if the subject precedes the verb, by when [þonne and þa differ in force; the former is used where the time of an action is indefinite, and is found with the future, the indefinite present, and the indefinite past; the latter is used where a definite action has taken place]; a. demonstrative, then: 1. of time, then, at that time; 2. marking order or sequence, then, after that, (1) of time; (2) of place or position; 2a. marking addition, yet, besides; 3. marking the succession of subjects treated of in narrative, then, again; 4. in a clause that is a qualification or contrast to a preceding clause, then, yet, but; 4a. in an interrogative clause; 5. marking a conclusion, inference, or result based on a previous statement, then, therefore, consequently; 6. marking a consequence dependent upon a hypothesis, then, in that case; (a) where the hypothesis is expressed in a clause introduced by gif; (b) where the hypothesis is otherwise expressed; (c) where the hypothesis is implied; 6a. in questions, and referring to a condition contained in another sentence, then, in that case; b. relative, when: 1. of time; (1) of the time of a single action in the future; (2) referring to the times of an action which may occur an indefinite number of times, when, at such times as; (3) where the order in time of two circumstances is to be marked, when, after; 2. denoting a cause, when, since, seeing that; 2a. in questions denoting the cause or reason for that not being done about which the question asks; 3. although; 4. denoting condition, case, when, the case in which; c. correlative, ~…þonne then…when, when…then; d. after comparatives, than: 1. where the comparison is between two different objects, (1) where the objects are expressed by single words or phrases; (1a) where there is a negative with the comparative; (2) where one or each object is expressed by a clause; (2a) where there is a negative with the comparative; (2b) in questions; 2. where the comparison is between the same object under different conditions; 3. where the comparative with þonne may be rendered by the positive preceded by too and followed by for with an infinitive or by an infinitive; 4. where the adjective is in the positive, and the comparative required by þonne must be inferred.

þonon see þanon

Þor [] m (-es/-as) Thor, the Scandinavian form of a name which in English is Þunor

þorf see þeorf

þorfa [] 1. m (-n/-n) a needy person; 2. adj destitute, poor

þorfan [] wv/t1b 3rd pres þorfð past þorfte ptp geþorft to need

þorfæst [] adj useful [þearf]

þorfend see þearfend

þorfnian variant of þornian

þorfte past 3rd sing of þurfan

þorh see þurh

þorhniht see þorniht

þorléas [] adj useless [þearf]

þorn [] m (-es/-as) thorn, thorn-bush; name of the rune for þ

þorngeblǽd [] n (-es/-) blister caused by a thorn

þorngrǽfe [] f (-an/-an) thorn-copse

þornian [] wv/t2 to lose [þorfnian?]

þornig [] adj thorny

þorniht [] adj thorny (1)

þorneht [] adj thorny (2)

þornehte [] adj thorny (3)

þorning [] m (-es/-as) thorny place

þornrǽw [] f (-e/-a) row of thorn-bushes

þornrind [] f (-e/-a) thorn-bark

þornstybb [] m (-es/-as) stump of a thorn-tree

þornþýfel [] m (-þýfles/- þýflas) thorn bush

þorof see þeorf

þorp [] m (-es/-as) farm; village

þorscen past part of þerscan

þost [] m (-es/-as) dung, ordure

þoterian [] wv/t2 to cry, howl, lament, wail

þoterung [] f (-e/-a) groaning, wailing, crying, howling

þotor- see þoter-

þotr- see þoter-

þóð see þéah 1

þóðer [] m (þóðres/þóðras) ball, sphere

þóðor [] m (þóðres/þóðras) ball, sphere

þox see dox

þrá see þréa

þracian [] wv/t2 to fear, dread, shun

þracu2 [] f (-e/-a) 1. not in a bad sense, power, force; 2. in a bad sense, pressure, fury, storm, violence; onrush, attack; [dat sing þræce]

þrafian [] wv/t2 to restrain, reprove, rebuke, correct; urge, push, press; demand

þrafung [] f (-e/-a) reproof, correction, rebuke, censure

þrág [] f (-e/-a) 1. space of time, time, while, period, season; 2. having reference to the condition of things at any time, time as in good, bad, hard, etc. times, evil times; occasion; paroxysm; ~e for a time, some time, long time; ~um at times, sometimes; ealle ~e all the time, continually; sume ~e at times

þrágbysig [] adj long busy?, occupied for a time?, periodically employed?

þráglic [] adj long-continued

þrágmǽl [] n (-es/-) unhappy time

þrágmǽlum2 [] adv at times, sometimes, at intervals, from time to time

þráh see þrág

þráll see þréal, þrǽl

þrang past 3rd sing of þringan

þráwan1 [] sv/t7 3rd pres þrǽwð past þréow/on ptp geþráwen to turn, twist, curl; twist, rack, torture; sv/i7 to twist, turn around, (1)

þráwere [] m (-es/-as) perverse person

þráwingspinl [] f (-e/-a) crisping-pin, curling-iron

þráwu see þréa

þræc1 [] n (-es/þracu) throng; pressure, force, violence; equipment

þræcful? [] adj strong

þræcheard [] adj brave in battle

þræchwíl [] f (-e/-a) time of misery, time of suffering, hard time

þræcian see þracian

þræcróf [] adj keen in fight, valiant

þræcswald see þerscold

þræcwíg [] m (-es/-as) violent combat, hard fighting

þræcwudu [] m (-a/-a) spear

þrǽd [] m (-es/-as) thread

þræft [] n (-es/-) contentiousness; quarrel, dispute, contention, chiding

þrǽgan1 [] wv/i1b to run

þrǽging see þréagung

þrǽl [] m (-es/-as) serf, thrall, slave, servant

þrǽlriht [] n (-es/-) serf’s right, thrall right; in pl, the legal rights and privileges which belonged to the thrall

þrǽs [] ? (-?/-?) fringe, hem, border

þrǽscan see þrǽstan

þræsce see þrysce

þræst see dærst

þrǽstan1 [] wv/t1b to writhe, twist, roll about, press, force; crush, oppress, torment, torture, constrain, bind, harass, plague, afflict; destroy; to press, constrain

þrǽstnes [] f (-se/-sa) trouble, pain, grief; ge~ contrition

þrǽstung [] f (-e/-a) affliction, torment

þrǽwen see þráwen past part of þráwan

þrǽwung see þréagung

þræxwold see þerscold

þré see þréo

þréa [] 1. m (-n/-n), f (-n/-n), n (-?/-?) threat, menace, abuse; rebuke, reproof, threat, castigation; chastisement, correction, punishment, an infliction that has been deserved, justifiable severity; an infliction (where no idea has been implied), evil, ill, pang, plague, calamity, affliction; oppression, attack; calamity, throe; [þréowan]; 2. imperat of þréagan

þreacs see þreax

þréade past 1st, 3rd sing of þréagan

þréagan1 [] wv/t1b to rebuke, reprove, reproach, chastise, correct, punish; to punish one who deserves punishment, to chastise by way of discipline, with a view to amend, to chasten, correct; threaten, menace; of undeserved punishment, attack, oppress, torture, torment, distress, afflict, vex, harass; where the subject of the verb is not a person

þréagend [] m (-es/-) reprover, one who reproves or corrects

þréagung [] f (-e/-a) reproof, rebuke; threat, threatening; chastisement, punishment; correction

þréaung [] f (-e/-a) reproof, rebuke; threat, threatening; chastisement, punishment; correction

þreahs see þreax

þréal [] 1. f (-e/-a) discipline, correction, punishment; reproof; correction by acts, chastisement, punishment, discipline; threat; 2. see þrǽl

þréalic2 [] adj severe, terrible, calamitous, miserable, woeful

þréan see þréagan

þréanéd see þréaníed

þréang see þréagung

þréaníed2 [] f (-e/-e) affliction, misery, distress, calamity; force or compulsion that punishes or causes misery, affliction that comes from punishment

þréaníedla2 [] m (-n/-n) affliction, misfortune; painful constraint, restraint of punishment, oppression

þréaníedlic [] adj calamitous, that entails painful violence, afflictive

þréanýd see þréaníed

þréap [] m (-es/-as) troop, band

þréapian [] wv/t2 to reprove, correct, reprehend

þréapung [] f (-e/-a) reproof, rebuke

þréaswinge [] f (-an/-an) chastisement

þréat [] 1. m (-es/-as) crowd, host, troop, band, body of people, swarm, press, throng; violence, compulsion, force, oppression, punishment, ill-treatment, coercion, calamity; threatening?; 2. past 3rd sing of þréotan

þréatend [] m (-es/-) violent person, one using violence or compulsion

þréatian [] wv/t2 to urge, press, (1) to oppress, afflict, vex, trouble, exercise, force, attack, harass; (2) to urge a person to something, press for something, force to do something; threaten; reprove, rebuke, check

þréatmǽlum [] adv in swarms, in troops, in crowds

þréatnes [] f (-se/-sa) affliction, tribulation

þréatnian see þréatian

þréatung [] f (-e/-a) compulsion, force, violence, oppression, ill-treatment; rebuke, reproof, correction; threatening, compulsion, ill-usage

þréaung see þréagung

þréaw past 3rd sing of þréowan

þréawend see þrówend

þréaweorc [] n (-es/-) misery [OS], pain inflicted as a punishment

þréawian1 [] wv/t2 to rebuke, chastise, correct, punish; threaten, menace; attack, oppress, torture, afflict, vex, harass

þréawung see þréagung

þreax [] ? (-?/-?) rottenness, rubbish, refuse; [ON þrekkr]

þrec see þræc

þrece [] m (-es/-as) force, violence, oppression; weariness [þracu]

þreclic [] adj terrible

þrecswald see þerscold

þréd see þrǽd

þrefe [] ? (-?/-?) a measure of corn or fodder

þrégian see þrǽgan

þrehtig see þrohtig

þremm see þrymm

þréo var of þríe

þreo- see þri-

þreodian [] wv/t2 to think over, deliberate, take thought; deliberate, hesitate; meditate; ge~ resolve

þreodung [] f (-e/-a) deliberation, consideration; scruple, hesitation

þreohtig see þrohtig

þréohund [] 1. n (-es/-u) three hundred; 2. num three hundred; ordinal þréohundtéontigoða

þréohundwintre [] adj of the age of three hundred years, three hundred years old

þreom dat of þríe

þréoniht [] f (-e/-) period of three days; [gen/dat sing ~e; gen/dat pl ~a/~um]

þréora gen of þríe

þréostru see þéostru

þréot see þréat

þréotan [] sv/t2 3rd pres þríeteð past þréat/þruton ptp geþroten to vex, weary

þréotéoða [] adj thirteenth

þréotíene [] num thirteen; ordinal þréotéoða

þréotíenegéare [] adj thirteen years old

þréott- see þréot-

þréow [] 1. past 3rd sing of þráwan; 2. see þríe

þréowian see þrówian

þreoxwold see þerscold

þrep? [] ? (-?/-?) fornix (drep)

þrepel [] m (þreples/þreplas) a torture instrument of three stakes, instrument of torture, cross? [þréapian]

þrepel see þrypel

þreréðre see þriréðre

þrés see þrǽs

þrescan see þerscan

þrescold see þerscold

þrescwald see þerscold

þrést- see þrǽst-

þrét [] 1. see þréat; 2. see þrǽd

þréung see þréaung

þrex see þreax

þrex- see þersc-

þrí see þríe

þria see þriwa

þribeddod [] adj three-bedded, having three couches

þriccan see þryccan

þridæglic [] adj lasting three days

þridǽled [] adj tripartite, divided into three parts

þridda [] adj third; þridde healf 2 ½; marking degrees of relationship: ~ fæder great-grandfather; ~ módor great-grandmother

þriddandǽl [] m (-es/-as) third part

þriding see þreodung

þríe [] num three; ordinal þridda; masc ~; fem, neut þréo; genitive þréora; dative þrim, þreom; used as adjective, noun

þrie- see þri-

þríestre see þrístre adv

þríetan [] wv/t1b to weary; force, urge, press

þrifeald [] adj three-fold, triple

þrifealdlic [] adj three-fold, triple; adv ~líce in three ways, triply

þrifeoðor see þrifeðor

þriféte [] adj three-footed, having three foot

þrifeðor [] adj triangular

þrifingre [] adj three fingers broad or thick (referring to the fat of swine), by a distance equal to the breadth of three fingers

þriflére [] adj three-storied

þrifótad [] adj three-footed

þrifótede [] adj three-footed

þrifyldan [] wv/t1b to triplicate

þrifyrede [] adj three-furrowed

þrig see þríe

þriga see þriwa

þrigǽrede [] adj cloven into three parts, three-pronged

þrigéare [] 1. adj three years old; 2. n (-es/-) space of three years

þrigylde [] 1. adj subject to three-fold payment, or compensation, to be paid three-fold; 2. adv with a triple payment

þrihǽmed [] ? (-?/-?) one who marries thrice

þrihéafdede [] adj three-headed

þrihing see þriðing

þrihíwede [] adj having three forms

þrihlidede [] adj having three openings, three-lidded

þrihyrne [] adj three-cornered, triangular

þrihyrnede [] adj three-cornered, triangular

þriléfe [] 1. adj three-leaved, trefoil; 2. noun trefoil?, wood-sorrel?

þrilen [] adj woven with three threads (1)

þrili [] adj woven with three threads (3)

þrilic [] adj triple, three-fold

þrilíðe [] n (-es/-u) a year with an extra month (a third, named Líða)

þrilig [] adj woven with three threads (2)

þrim [] 1. see þrymm; 2. var of þríe

þrim- see þrym-

þrimen [] ? (-?/-?) a third part

Þrimeolce [] n (-es/-u) May; (Se fifta mónað is nemned on úre geþéode Þrymylce, for ðon swylc genihtsumnes wæs géo on Brytone and éac on Germania lande, of þæm Ongla þéod com on þás Breotone, þæt híe on þæm mónðe þriwa on dæge mylcedon heora néat)

þrimfeald [] adj threefold

Þrimilce [] n (-es/-u) May

Þrimilcemónað [] m (-mónðes/-mónðas) May

þrims see trymes

þrimse see trymes

þrindan see þrintan

þrinen [] adj three-fold

Þrines [] f (-se/-sa) Trinity

þring [] m (-es/-as) a press, crowd; what presses or confines

þringan1 [] sv/t3 3rd pres þringeð past þrang/þrungon ptp geþrungen to press, squeeze, crowd upon, throng, press forward, rush on, hasten, advance; to throng, press around, upon, crowd together; to press, move with violence, eagerness, or hurry, press on, press forward, force a way; oppress; ge~ pinch (with cold); gain (by force)

þrinihte [] adj three days old

þrinlic [] adj three-fold

þrinna [] adj three-fold, three times

Þrinnes see Þrines

þrintan [] sv/t3 3rd pres þrinteð past þrant/þrunton ptp geþrunten to swell

þrío see þréo, var of þríe

þríostr- see þéostr-

þripel [] m (þriples/þriplas) instrument of punishment, kind of cross

þripelúf [] ? (-?/-?) instrument of punishment

þriréðre [] 1. adj with three rows of oars; 2. noun (-?/-?) trireme

þrisce see þrysce

þriscelflór see þerscelflór

þriscýte [] adj triangular [scéat], three-cornered

þrisclite [] adj tripod, three-forked

þrisel [] adj divided into three

þrisellic [] adj tripartite

þrislite [] adj three-forked, three-pointed

þrisnæcce [] adj three-forked, three-pointed, cloven in three

þrísnes see þrístnes

þríst [] 1. adj daring, rash, bold in a good sense; in a bad sense, bold, presumptuous, audacious, shameless; 2. adv boldly, daringly [Ger dreist]

þríste [] 1. adj daring, rash, bold in a good sense; in a bad sense, bold, presumptuous, audacious, shameless; 2. adv in a good sense, confidently, without apprehension, fear, hesitation, reserve; in a bad sense, without sense of shame, presumptuously, audaciously; in the Psalms, ~ is used with intensitive force, much as swíðe is used; boldly, daringly [Ger dreist]

þrístelic see þrístiglic

þrístful [] adj presumptuous

þríshycgende2 [] adj brave-minded, thinking or intending boldly, firm of purpose, having bold resolve

þríshýdig2 [] adj bold, valorous, bold-minded, courageous

þrístiglic [] adj rash, bold, daring; adv ~líce

þrístlǽcan1 [] irreg wv/t1b to presume, dare, become bold (+ infinitive)

þrístlǽcnes [] f (-se/-sa) boldness, audacity, temerity, presumption

þrístléasnes [] f (-se/-sa) want of boldness?

þrístlic [] adj bold; adv ~líce boldy, confidently, (1) in a good sense; (2) in a bad sense

þrístling [] m (-es/-as) bold person?, thrush

þrístlang [] adj very long?

þrístnes [] f (-se/-sa) rashness, boldness, presumption, temerity

þrístra see þístra

þristrenge [] adj three-stringed

þrít pres 3rd sing of þríetan

þrítan [] wv/t1b to weary; to urge, press, force

þrítig [] num thirty; ordinal ~oða; neuter noun, gen ~es, dat ~um;

þrítigfeald [] adj thirty-fold

þrítigoða [] adj thirtieth

þrítigwintre [] adj thirty winters old

þrittéoða see þréotéoða

þrittig see þrítig

þríð see þrýð

þriðing [] m (-es/-as) third part of a county, riding

þriðinggeréfa [] m (-n/-n) governor or sheriff of a ‘þriðing’

þriwa [] adv thrice, three times

þriwinter [] adj three years old (3)

þriwintra [] adj three years old (1)

þriwintre [] adj three years old (2)

þroc [] n (-es/-u) table; piece of wood on which the ploughshare is fixed

þroehtig see þrohtig

þróh [] ? (-?/-?) 1. rancor; 2. rancidus

þroht2 [] 1. m (-es/-as) oppression, affliction, hardship; exertion, labor, endurance, toil, trouble, suffering; 2. adj oppressive, grievous; dire, troublesome, tormenting

þrohtheard2 [] adj strong in enduring, strong under afflictions, having fortitude or endurance in trouble; hard to endure, grievously hard

þrohtig [] adj enduring, firm, persistent, persevering, laborious

þrong see þrang, past 3rd sing of þringan

þrop see þorp

þrosle see þrostle

þrosm [] m (-es/-as) smoke, vapor; darkness, a dark space

þrosmig [] adj vaporous, smoky

þrostle [] f (-an/-an) throstle, thrush, singing-thrush

þrota see þrote

þrotbolla [] m (-n/-n) gullet, windpipe, larynx

þrote [] f (-an/-an) throat

þroten past part of þréotan

þrotu [] f (-e/-a) throat

þróung see þrówung

þrówend [] m (-es/-) serpent, scorpion, basilisk

þrówend- see þrówiend-

þrówere [] m (-es/-as) sufferer; sufferer for religion, martyr

þrówerhád [] m (-a/-a) martyrdom

þrówethád [] m (-a/-a) martyrdom

þrówian1 [] wv/t2 to endure, suffer, die; to suffer as opposed to act; to suffer what is painful: (1) w.a.; (2) without acc. to suffer martyrdom; to suffer for something, pay for, atone for; sympathize; past part as causative + wesan, to make to suffer, to crucify; nearu ~ be in straits

þrówiendhád [] m (-a/-a) martyrdom

þrówiendlic [] adj capable of suffering; grammatical term passive; suffering, enduring, passive; ~ déað apoplexy

þrówigendlic [] adj capable of suffering; grammatical term passive; suffering, enduring, passive; ~ déað apoplexy

þrówung [] f (-e/-a) suffering as opposed to doing; suffering which is painful; as a medical term, painful symptom; suffering that is undergone for the sake of religion, suffering of persecution, cross (in the phrase to take up one’s cross); suffering which ends in death, passion, martyrdom; anniversary of martyrdom, anniversary of a martyr’s suffering

þrówungdæg [] m (-es/-dagas) day of martyrdom

þrówungrǽding [] f (-e/-a) reading about martyrs, martyrology

þrówungtíd [] f (-e/-e) time of suffering, the time at which a person suffered martyrdom; the anniversary of the time when someone suffered

þrówungtíma [] m (-n/-n) time of suffering

þrúh [] f (þrýh/þrýh), m (þrús/þrús), n (þrús/-) pipe, trough, conduit; box, chest; tomb, coffin, sarcophagus; wood or stone hollowed out; [dat pl þrúm]

þrum see þrim, inflected form of þríe

þrum see tunge~

þrungen past participle of þringan

þrungon past pl of þringan

þrustfell [] n (-es/-) leprosy, cutaneous disease

þrút see fisc-

þrútigende [] adj strutting, bouncing; threatening

þruton past pl of þréotan

þrútung [] f (-e/-a) anger, pride; threatening; swelling of the mind from anger, etc., angry emotion

þrúðhorn see truðhorn

þrý see þríe, þrí

þrýan see þrýn

þryccan1 [] wv/t1a 3rd pres þrycð past þrycte, þryhte ptp geþryct, geþryht to trample on, crush, press, oppress, afflict, repress; wv/i1a press, push, force away

þryccednes1 [] f (-se/-sa) distress, trouble

þrycnes [] f (-se/-sa) tribulation, affliction, oppression

þryd- see þrid-, þreod-

þrýd- see þrýð-

þrydægþyrn [] ? (-?/-?) period of three days

þrýh see þrúh

þryhte past 3rd sing of þryccan

þryl see þyrl, þyrel

þrym see þrymm

þrymcyme [] m (-es/-as) glorious coming

þrymcyning2 [] m (-es/-as) glorious king, king of glory, God

þrymdóm [] m (-es/-as) glorious judgment; glory

þrymen see þrimen

þrymfæst2 [] adj glorious, majestic, illustrious, noble, mighty

þrymful2 [] adj glorious, magnificent, illustrious, mighty, majestic, peerless

þrymilce see þrimeolce

þrymlic [] adj glorious, magnificent; powerful, mighty; adv ~líce magnificently, splendidly, gloriously

þrymm [] m (-es/-as) multitude, host, great body of people, force, troop; torrent; force, power, might, ability; glory, majesty, splendor, magnificence, greatness, grandeur;

þrymma [] m (-n/-n) brave man, hero, strong or great man, warrior

þrymme [] adv powerfully, violently

þrymmum [] adv powerfully, violently

þrymríce [] n (-es/-u) realm of glory, heaven, glorious kingdom

þrymsa see trymes

þrymseld [] n (-es/-) seat of honor, throne

þrymsetl [] n (-es/-) seat of honor, throne

þrymsittende2 [] adj sitting in glory, dwelling in heaven, dwelling in glory, inhabiting heaven

þrymwealdend [] 1. ~e adj all-ruling, glory-ruling, ruling heaven; 2. m (-es/-) lord of glory

þrync see drinc, imperative of drincan

þrynen see þrinen

Þrynes see Þrines

þryng [] noun (-?/-?) conduit, channel?

Þrynnes see Þrinnes

þryosm see þrosm

þrýpel see þrepel

þrýpelúf [] ? (-?/-?) a young horse, a colt, foal [eculeus]; a scaffold, stage on which slaves were exposed for sale , for the public burning (of criminals, martyrs, etc.), For delivering a lecture [catasta]

þryscan [] wv/t1b to press

þrysce [] f (-an/-an) thrush

þryscel- see þerscel-

þrysman1 [] wv/t1b to press, oppress, stifle, choke; fig to keep in subjection [þrosm]

þryssce see þrysce

þrýst see þríst

þrýst- see þéost-

þrýt pres 3rd sing of þréotan

þrýð2 [] f (-e/-e) often in pl might, power, force, strength; majesty, glory, splendor; multitude, troop, host

þrýðærn [] n (-es/-) noble house, palace, splendid house

þrýðbearn [] n (-es/-) strong youth, mighty youth

þrýðbord [] n (-es/-) strong shield

þrýðcyning [] m (-es/-as) king of glory, mighty king, God

þrýðful2 [] adj strong, brave, mighty, powerful; splendid, glorious

þrýðfullian [] wv/t2 to fill up

þrýðgesteald [] n (-es/-) noble dwelling, palace

þrýðig [] adj mighty, strong, powerful

þrýðlic [] adj strong, valiant, mighty, powerful; adv ~líce mightily

þrýðo see þrýð

þrýðswýð2 [] adj mighty, powerful

þrýðu see þrýð

þrýðum2 [] adv very, violently

þrýðweorc [] n (-es/-) splendid, mighty work

þrýðword [] n (-es/-) lofty discourse, brave word, noble speech

þu [] pron thou; gen þín; dat þe; acc þec; dual git, incer, inc, incit; pl gé, éower, éow, éowic

þúf [] m (-es/-as) tuft; banner, standard, crest; crest of a helmet; kind of standard, made with tufts of feathers [L tufa]

þúfbǽre [] adj leafy, bearing foliage

þúfeþistel see þúþistel

þúfian [] wv/t2 to shoot forth, grow luxuriantly, to become leafy or bushy

þúfig [] adj leafy, full of leaves, with thick foliage

þúft [] m (-es/-as) thicket, place full of bushes

þugon past pl of þéon

þúhte past 3rd sing of þyncan

þuhsian [] wv/t2 to make misty, dark

þullic see þyllic

þúma [] m (-n/-n) thumb

þumle [] noun pl entrails

þunar see þunor

þunden past part of þindan

þunelic see þunorlic

þuner see þunor

þuner- see þunr-, þunor-

þung [] m (-es/-as) a poisonous plant, wolf’s bane, aconite, nightshade?

þungennes1 [] f (-se/-sa) growth, maturity; goodness, excellence, virtue, perfection

þunian [] wv/t2 to stand out, be prominent, be lifted up, stick up; fig to be lifted up, be proud, colloquial to be stuck up; to make noise, to sound, resound, creak; be proud; roar, thunder, crash, groan

þunnung see þúnung

þunnur see þunor

þunor [] m (-es/þuneras) thunder (implying not only sound but also striking); thunder-clap; the god Thunder, Thor, one of the Teutonic gods, to whom, among the Romans, Jupiter seems to have been considered most closely to correspond; Jupiter; a thane of king Egbert of Kent

þunor- see þunr-

þunorbodu [] f (-e/-a) gilthead (kind of fish)

þunorclǽfre [] f (-an/-an) bugle (plant)

þunorlic [] adj thundery, thunderous, of thunder

þunorrád [] f (-e/-a) thunder, thundering

þunorrádlic [] adj thunderous, thundering, of thunder

þunorrádstefn [] f (-e/-a) voice of thunder

þunorslieht [] m (-es/-as) thunder stroke

þunorsliht see þunorslieht

þunorwyrt [] f (-e/-e) thunder-wort, houseleek

Þunresdæg [] m (-es/-dagas) Thursday

Þunreslege [] m (-es/-as) thunder-clap

Þunresniht [] f (-e/-) Thursday eve, Wednesday night; [gen/dat sing ~e; gen/dat pl ~a/~um]

þunrian1 [] wv/t2 3rd pres þunrað past þunrode ptp geþunrod to thunder impersonal

þunring [] f (-e/-a) thundering, thunder

þunung [] f (-e/-a) creaking, noise, din, rattle

þunur see þunor

þunur- see þunor-, þunr-

þunwang [] f (-e/-a) temple (of the head)

þunwange [] f (-an/-an) temple (of the head)

Þur see Þor

þuren see þworen, past part of þweran

Þuresdæg see Þunresdæg

þurfan [] modal v/i 3rd pres þearf past þorfte ptp geþurfen 1. to be in need, have need of something, (1) absolute, (2) w.g. of thing needed; (3) w.a.; 2. to need to do something, be required to (1) where a want has to be satisfied, a purpose to be accomplished, or the like; (2) where the need is based on grounds of right, fitness, law, morality, etc., to be bound to do something because it is right; (3) with the idea of compulsion, or where the inevitability of a consequence is expressed; in some cases the word might be taken almost as an auxiliary, of much the same force as shall; to be obliged, be compelled by destiny, must, have occasion to; (4) to have good cause or reason for doing something; (5) where the need arises from an advantage to be gained, or purpose to be served, to be use, to be good for a person to do something; 3. to owe, be under an obligation; want, be needy;

þurg see þurh prep

þurh [] prep A. 1. w.a. local, (1) marking motion into and out at the opposite side through; (1a) where the preposition follows the governed word; (2) marking motion over or in; 2. temporal, marking continuity, through, for, during; 3. other relations, (1) marking the agent, through, by; (1a) preposition following case; (2) marking the means or instrument, through, by, by means of, by use of, because of, in consequence of; (3) marking the efficient cause or reason, through, in consequence of, as the result of, by reason of, on account of, because of; (4) marking motive or feeling that prompts action, through, from; (5) marking the circumstance which renders state or action possible or right, through, in virtue of, by right of; (6) marking manner, state, in, by, in the character of, by way of; (7) marking accompanying circumstances of an action, in, with; (8) marking aim, with a view to, on behalf of; (9) with verbs of swearing, adjuring, etc., through, by, in, for the sake of, in the name of; (10) marking extent (through 40 days…); B. w.d. 1. local, (1) marking motion into and out at the opposite side; (2) marking motion over or in; 2. in other relations, (1) marking means or instrument; (2) marking cause; (3) marking manner, state; C. w.g.

þurh [] adv through, throughout

þurh- [] prefix with words expressing motion, the prefix signifies through, over; in other cases, it implies thoroughness, completeness, continuity; with adjectives of quality, it has an intensitive force. It is often a rendering of the Latin prefix per-; sometimes of trans-

þúrh see þrúh

þurharn past 3rd sing of þurhiernan

þurhbeorht [] adj very bright, transparent, radiant, clear

þurhbiter [] adj very bitter, sour, perverse, exasperating

þurhbláwan [] sv/t7 3rd pres þurhblǽwð past þurhbléow/on ptp þurhbláwen to inspire, animate

þurhbláwen [] adj inspired

þurhborian [] wv/t2 3rd pres þurhborað past þurhborode ptp þurhborod to bore through, perforate

þurhbrecan [] sv/t4 3rd pres þurhbricð past þurhbræc/þurhbrǽcon ptp þurhbrocen to break through

þurhbregdan [] sv/t3 3rd pres þurhbrigdeð past þurhbrægd/þurhbrugdon ptp þurhbrogden to draw through, transport

þurhbringan [] irreg wv/t1b 3rd pres þurhbringð past þurhbróhte ptp þurhbróht to bring through

þurhbrogden [] adj transported

þurhbrúcan [] sv/t2 3rd pres þurhbrýcð past þurhbréac/þurhbrucon ptp þurhbrocen to enjoy fully, thoroughly

þurhburnen [] adj thoroughly burnt, burnt through

þurhclǽnsian [] wv/t2 to cleanse thoroughly

þurhcréopan [] sv/t2 3rd pres þurhcríepð past þurhcréap/þurhcrupon ptp þurhcropen to creep or pass through

þurhdelfan [] sv/t3 3rd pres þurhdilfð past þurhdealf/þurhdulfon ptp þurhdolfen to dig through, pierce, bore through

þurhdrencan [] wv/t1b to saturate

þurhdréogan [] sv/t2 3rd pres þurhdríegð past þurhdréag/þurhdrugon ptp þurhdrogen to work through, accomplish, pass (time)

þurhdrífan [] sv/t1 3rd pres þurhdrífeð past þurhdráf/þurhdrifon ptp þurhdrifen to drive or push through, strike; pierce, perforate, transfix; penetrate, permeate, imbue; to drive violently

þurhdúfan [] sv/t2 3rd pres þurhdýfð past þurhdéaf/þurhdufon ptp þurhdofen to dive through

þurhendian [] wv/t2 to accomplish, perfect

þurhetan2 [] sv/t5 3rd pres þurhiteð past þurhæt/þurhǽton ptp þurheten to eat through, consume, eat out

þurhfaran [] sv/t6 3rd pres þurhfærð past þurhfór/on ptp þurhfaren to go through or over, traverse; to pierce, pass through; to pass beyond, transcend; to penetrate

þurhfarennes [] f (-se/-sa) inner chamber, an inner, secret place

þurhfær [] n (-es/-faru) inner, secret place

þurhfæreld [] adj transitus

þurhfæstnian [] wv/t2 to transfix

þurhféran [] wv/t1b to pass through or over, traverse; penetrate, get into

þurhfére [] 1. adj penetrable; that may be passed through or over, passable, pervious; 2. n (-es/-u) secret chamber

þurhfléon [] sv/t2 3rd pres þurhflíehð past þurhfléah/þurhflugon ptp þurhflogen to fly through

þurhfón [] sv/t7 3rd pres þurhféhð past þurhféng/on ptp þurhfangen to penetrate, get through

þurhgán [] irreg v/t to go over or through; of a weapon, pass through, pierce, penetrate; to penetrate, permeate, pervade

þurhgangan [] sv/t7 see þurhgán

þurhgefeht [] n (-es/-) war

þurhgefeoht [] n (-es/-) war

þurhgéotan [] sv/t2 3rd pres þurhgíeteð past þurhgéat/þurhguton ptp þurhgoten to pour over, cover by pouring (lit and fig); fill, fill entirely, imbue, saturate, impregnate; to fill, imbue, inspire

þurhglédan [] wv/t1b to heat through

þurhgléded [] adj thoroughly furnished with burning coals

þurhhálig [] adj most holy, very holy

þurhhǽlan [] wv/t1b to heal thoroughly

þurhhefig [] adj very heavy

þurhholod [] adj bored through

þurhhwít [] adj quite white, very white

þurhiernan [] sv/t3 3rd pres þurhiernð past þurharn/þurhurnon ptp þurhurnen to run through, pierce

þurhlange? [] adv continuously

þurhláð [] adj very hateful

þurhlǽran [] wv/t1b to persuade

þurhlǽred [] adj very learned, skilled

þurhléoran [] wv/t1b to penetrate; pass through

þurhléorian [] wv/t2 to penetrate; pass through

þurhleornian [] wv/t2 to learn thoroughly

þurhlócung [] f (-e/-a) preface, introduction; looking through or over, a preliminary examination of a book

þurhrǽdan [] sv/t7 3rd pres þurhrǽdeð past þurhréd/on, þurhreord/on ptp þurhrǽden to read through

þurhrǽsan [] wv/t1b to rush through

þurhscéotan [] sv/t2 3rd pres þurhscíeteð past þurhscéat/þurhscuton ptp þurhscoten to shoot through, pierce, transfix

þurhscínan [] sv/i1 3rd pres þurhscínð past þurhscán/þurhscinon ptp þurhscinen to shine through, be transparent

þurhscíne [] adj transparent

þurhscínendlic [] adj illustrious, splendid

þurhscríðan [] sv/t1 3rd pres þurhscríðeð past þurhscráð/þurhscridon ptp þurhscriden of physical movement, to pass through, glide through;to go through a subject, examine, consider; to go through, traverse; pry into

þurhscyldig [] adj very guilty

þurhscýne [] adj transparent

þurhsécan [] irreg wv/t1b to make search for, seek out; search through, inquire thoroughly into, examine

þurhséon [] sv/t5 3rd pres þurhsiehð past þurhseah/þurhsáwon ptp þurhsewen to see through, see into, look through, examine; penetrate with the sight (lit or fig); to strain through, penetrate

þurhsléan [] sv/t6 3rd pres þurhslíehð past þurhslóg/on ptp þurhslagen to strike or pierce through; attack, afflict, kill; to smite through, strike through (lit and fig); to smite

þurhsméagan [] wv/t1b to search thoroughly, investigate, think out, search through, inquire into, examine into;

þurhsmúgan [] sv/t2 3rd pres þurhsmýgð past þurhsméag/þurhsmugon ptp þurhsmogen of movement (lit or fig), to creep through, move slowly through; to go carefully through a subject, go over the details; to pierce, bore through, investigate, think out

þurhsmyrian [] wv/t1a to smear, anoint

þurhspédig [] adj very rich, very wealthy

þurhstandan [] sv/i6 3rd pres þurhstendeð past þurhstód/on ptp is þurhstanden to continue

þurhsticcian [] wv/t2 to transfix, pierce, stick through

þurhstingan [] sv/t3 3rd pres þurhstingeð past þurhstang/þurhstungon ptp þurhstungen to pierce through, thrust through, prick, stab through

þurhstrang [] adj very strong; cmp ~strengra; spl ~strengest

þurhswimman [] sv/i3 3rd pres þurhswimð past þurhswamm/þurhswummon ptp is þurhswummen to swim through or over, pass by swimming

þurhswíðan [] sv/t1 3rd pres þurhswíðeð past þurhswáð/þurhswiðon ptp þurhswiðen to prevail (wv/i1b?)

þurhswógan [] sv/t7 3rd pres þurhswégð past þurhswéog/on ptp þurhswógen to penetrate, pervade, press through

þurhsýne [] adj limpid, transparent

þurhtéon [] sv/t2 3rd pres þurhtíehð past þurhtéah/þurhtugon ptp þurhtogen to carry or put through, get a proposal accepted, a request granted; carry out a plan, orders, etc., give effect to an intention, finish, fulfill; where continuous action is implied, to carry through, carry on to a (successful) end, to accomplish, perform; of evil actions, to penetrate; of continuous but uncompleted action, to carry on, continue; where a result is marked, to bring to a successful issue, to achieve, bring about, bring to pass; to afford; to go through, undergo; to draw, drag;

þurhtogennes [] f (-se/-sa) a religious reading at monastic meal-times,

þurhtrymman [] wv/t1a to confirm

þurhþéowan [] wv/t1b to thrust through, pierce through, transfix

þurhþráwan [] sv/t7 3rd pres þurhþrǽwð past þurhþréow/on ptp þurhþráwen to twist through

þurhþyddan [] wv/t1a to pierce through, thrust through

þurhþýn [] wv/t1b to pierce, thrust through

þurhþyrel [] adj pierced through, perforated

þurhþyrelian [] wv/t2 to pierce through, penetrate, make a hole through, perforate

þurhþyrlian [] wv/t2 to pierce through, penetrate, make a hole through, perforate

þurhunrot [] adj very sad

þurhút [] 1. prep w.a. right through, throughout; 2. adv right through, throughout, quite through

þurhútlíce [] adv thoroughly

þurhwacian [] wv/t2 to keep vigil

þurhwacol [] adj in reference to time, wide-awake, sleepless, very wakeful, quite sleepless; in reference to persons very watchful, vigilant;

þurhwadan [] sv/t6 3rd pres þurhwædeð past þurhwód/on ptp þurhwaden to pass through; penetrate, go through, bore, pierce

þurhwæccan [] wv/t1a to keep vigil

þurhwæcendlic [] adj very vigilant

þurhwǽt [] adj thoroughly wet

þurhwerod [] adj quite sweet, very sweet

þurhwlítan2 [] sv/t1 3rd pres þurhwlíteð past þurhwlát/þurhwliton ptp þurhwliten to look through, see, penetrate with the sight

þurhwrecan [] sv/t5 3rd pres þurhwricð past þurhwræc/þurhwrǽcon ptp þurhwrecen to thrust through

þurhwund [] adj wounded by a weapon which has passed quite through

þurhwundian [] wv/t2 to pierce through, wound badly

þurhwunenes [] f (-se/-sa) perseverance

þurhwunian [] wv/t2 to continue, last, not to come to an end, not to pass away; to continue in a place, with a person, to remain, not to leave, settle down, abide continuously; to continue in a condition, not to change; where purpose or effort is implied, to persevere, persist, hold out, be steadfast, (1) absolute; (2) where the condition is given by a complementary noun or adjective; (3) where the condition is given in a phrase; to continue an action, persevere with or in, not to desist from, not to leave off

þurhwunigendlic [] adj constant, continued; adv ~líce perseveringly, persistently, continuously

þurhwunol [] adj perpetual

þurhwunung [] f (-e/-a) perseverance, persistency, persistence, constancy; continued dwelling, residence

þurhwunungnes [] f (-se/-sa) perseverance

Þurresdæg see Þunresdæg

þurruc [] m (-es/-as) small ship?, hold of a ship?

þurscon past pl of þerscan

Þursdæg see Þunresdæg

þurst [] m (-es/-as) thirst (lit and fig)

þurstig [] adj thirsty (lit and fig); thirsting after, greedy

þuru see duru

þuruh see þurh

þus [] adv thus, in this way; as follows, in this manner, degree, etc.; to this extent (qualifying adjectives); 1. where the manner, etc., is determined by what precedes, (1) with verbs, (2) with adjectives, (3) with adverbs; 2. where the manner, etc., is determined by what follows, (1) with verbs, (2) with adjectives; 3. used in place of a definite expression

þúsend [] num w.g. thousand; ordinal ?; n (-es/-u) w.g. thousand

þúsendealdor [] m (-es/-as) captain of a thousand men

þúsendealdormann [] m (-es/-as) captain of a thousand men

þúsendfeald [] adj thousand-fold, thousand

þúsendgerím [] n (-es/-) computation by thousands, numeration by thousands, counting with the unit a thousand

þúsendgetæl [] n (-es/-talu) thousand

þúsendgetel [] n (-es/-u, -geteolu) a thousand

þúsendhíwe [] adj multiform, of a thousand shapes

þúsendlic [] adj of a thousand, numbered by thousands

þúsendmann [] m (-es/-menn) captain of a thousand

þúsendmǽle? [] adj a thousand each, a thousand

þúsendmǽlum2 [] adv in thousands

þúsendríca [] m (-n/-n) chief of a thousand

þúsent- see þúsend-

þuslic see þyllic

þuslic [] pron such, such a; 1. used adjectivally, (1) qualifying a noun; þyslicu þearf; (2) predicative; þyslic mé is gesewen; 2. used as a noun; þes þyslica síe gemungod;

þuss see þus

þútan see þéotan

þúþistel [] m (-þistles/-þistlas) sow-thistle

þwá see þwéa, pres 1st sing of þwéan

þwagen rare past participle of þwéan

þwáh see þwéah, imper. of þwéan

þwang [] m (-es/-as), f (-e/-a) thong, band, strap, cord, strip of leather; phylactery

þwár- see þwǽr-

þwarm see þwearm

þwastrian [] wv/t2 to whisper, murmur, speak low

þwát past 3rd sing of þwítan

þwægen past part of þwagen

þwǽl see þwéal

þwǽle? [] f (-an/-an) band, fillet?, towel?

þwǽnan1 [] wv/t1b to soften by moisture, ointment, etc., soften, moisten

þwæng see þwang

þwǽr- see þwér-

þwǽre [] f (-an/-an) an instrument for beating or stirring

þwǽre1 [] adj united, concordant, harmonious; compliant, obedient; agreeable, pleasant, gentle; peaceful; prosperous; adv ~líce

þwǽrian1 [] wv/t2 3rd pres þwǽrað past þwǽrode ptp geþwǽrod to agree, consent to; reconcile; suit, fit; to bring into agreement, make harmonious

þwǽrlǽcan [] irreg wv/t1b 3rd pres þwǽrlǽceð past þwǽrlǽhte ptp geþwǽrlǽht to agree, consent to; reconcile; suit, fit

þwǽrnes [] f (-se/-sa) concord, peace; gentleness

þwéa pres 1st sing of þwéan

þwéal [] n (-es/-) washing, bath, laver; soap; what is used in washing, ointment [Goth þwahl]

þwéan1 [] sv/t6 3rd pres þwiehð past þwóg/on ptp geþwagen to wash, cleanse, (1) with object of that which is to be cleansed, (2) with object of that which is to be cleansed away; anoint

þwearm [] m? (-es/-as) cutting tool

þwéhl see þwéal

þwéle see þwǽle

þwénan see þwǽnan

þweng see þwang

þwéor see þweorh

þweorg see þweorh

þwéora [] m (-n/-n) depravity; perversity

þwéores [] adv athwart, transversely, obliquely; perversely; [gen of þweorh]

þweorh [] adj cross, transverse, bent, crooked; adverse; angry; perverse, depraved; gen þwéores

þweorhferu [] ? (-?/-?) cross-furrow

þweorhfuru [] ? (-?/-?) cross-furrow

þweorhfyre [] ? (-?/-?) cross-furrow

þweorhtéme see þwéortíeme

þweorhtimber [] adj resolutely made

þweorian see þweran

þwéorian1 [] wv/t2 3rd pres þwéorað past þwéorode ptp þwéorod to oppose, thwart, be opposed to or far from (wið); to be opposed to, adverse to (wið), to be at variance

þwéorlic [] adj perverse, evil, depraved; contrary, adverse; reversed, contrary, opposite, out of order; adv ~líce insolently, awry, askew, in reversed order; in a way that offers opposition, obstinately, flatly (of refusal); perversely, evilly

þwéornes1 [] f (-se/-sa) crookedness (fig); opposition; perversity, inquiry, evil, forwardness, obstinacy, depravity

þwéorscipe [] m (-es/-as) perversity, iniquity, depravity

þwéortíeme [] adj given to opposition, contentious; given to evil, wicked, perserse, depraved

þwéortimbre [] adj cross-grained?, stubborn

þweoton see þwiton past pl of þwítan

þwér see þweorh

þweran1 [] sv/t4 3rd pres þwirð past þwær/þwǽron ptp geþworen to stir, twirl, churn; 2 beat, forge, render malleable, soften

þwére [] ? (-?/-?) pestle

þwerh see þweorh

þwérian see þwéorian

þwihð pres 3rd sing of þwéan

þwínan [] sv/t1 3rd pres þwínð past þwán/þwinon ptp geþwinen to decrease, lessen

þwír see þweorh

þwiril [] m (-es/-as) handle of a churn, whisk, stick for whipping milk [þweran]

þwítan [] sv/t1 3rd pres þwíteð past þwát/þwiton ptp geþwiten to thwite, cut, whittle, cut off, cut out

þwóg past 3rd sing of þwéan

þwógen past part of þwéan

þwóh past 3rd sing of þwéan

þwong see þwang

þworen past part of þweran

þwurh see þweorh

þwyhð pres 3rd sing of þwéan

þwýr see þweorh

þwýr- see þwéor-

þwýrs see þwéores

þý [] 1. pron (instrumental singular of sé, þæt) æfter ~ after that; 2. conj and adv because, since, on that account; therefore; then; (with comparatives) the; ~…þý the…the; mid ~ while, when; tó ~ þæt for the purpose that, in order that; for ~ þe because; ~ lǽs (þe) lest

þýan see þýn

þyc- see þic-

þýdan [] wv/t1b to strike, stab; thrust, press

þýdæges [] adv on that day, then

þyddan [] wv/t1a to strike, thrust, push

þyder see þider

þýf see þéof

þýfel [] m (þýfles/þýflas) shrub, bush, copse, thicket; leafy plant [þúf]

þýfeþorn [] m (-es/-as) hawthorn?, bramble?

þýflen [] adj bushy

þýflig [] adj brambly

þyften [] f (-ne/-na) handmaid, female servant

þýfð see þíefð

þýgan see þýn

þyhtig [] adj strong, firm

þýhð pres 3rd sing of þéon

þýlǽs [] conj lest; ~ þe lest

þylc see þyllic

þylcræft [] m (-es/-as) elocution, rhetoric

þyld1 [] n (-es/-), f (-e/-a) patience (usu. ge~)

þyldelic [] adj patient; adv ~líce patiently, quietly

þyldig1 [] adj patient (usu. ge~); adv ~líce

þyldigian [] wv/t2 3rd pres þyldigað past þyldigode ptp geþyldigod to endure

þyle [] m (-es/-as) speaker, orator, spokesman; jester

Þýle [] m? (-es/-as) Thule, some island in the north-west of Europe

þylian see þilian

þyling see þiling

þyllan [] wv/t1a to calm, assuage

þyllic [] pron such, such a; 1. used adjectivally, (1) qualifying a noun; þyslicu þearf; (2) predicative; þyslic mé is gesewen; 2. used as a noun; þes þyslica síe gemungod;

þýmel [] m (-es/-as) thumbstall, thimble, fingerstall

þýmele [] adj of the thickness of a thumb, a thumb thick (referring to the fat of swine)

þýn [] 1. see þín; 2. 1 see þýwan, þéowan, to press

þyncan1 [] irreg wv/t1b impers w.d. 3rd pres þyncð past þúhte ptp geþúht to appear, seem; to seem, fit; mé þyncð methinks; him þúhte it seemed good to him; rǽde ~ to seem advisable

þyncðu1 [] f (-e/-a) honor, dignity, rank, office; meeting, assembly, court of justice; private arrangement (to defeat justice)

þynden see þenden

þyngu1 [] f (-e/-a) progress, promotion, growth, profit

þynhlǽne [] adj wasted, shrunk

þynne [] adj thin; 1. of dimension, (1) thin, lean, the opposite of fat or stout; (2) thin, the opposite of thick; (3) thin, the opposite of broad; 2. of density, (1) where the parts of the whole are not close together, thin, not dense; (2) applied to liquids, air, etc., thin, fluid, tenuous; 3. fig, (1) thin, weak, feeble, poor; (2) delicate, fine

þynnes [] f (-se/-sa) thinness, slightness of density, lack of density, tenuity, fluidity; poverty, feebleness (of sight); weakness

þynnian1 [] wv/t2 to thin, make thin, lessen, dilute; become thin

þynnol [] adj lean, thin, meager

þynnung [] f (-e/-a) thinning, act of making thin

þynung [] f (-e/-a) thinning, act of making thin

þynwefen [] adj thin-woven

þyrel [] 1. n (-es/-) hole made through anything, opening, aperture, orifice, perforation; 2. adj pierced, perforated, full of holes, pierced through, having a hole or holes

þyrelhús [] n (-es/-) turner’s workshop

þyrelian see þyrlian

þyrelung [] f (-e/-a) piercing, perforation, piercing through

þyrelwamb [] adj with pierced belly, having the stomach pierced

þyrf see þearf

þyrfe subj pres sing of þurfan

Þyringas [] m pl the Thuringians

þyrl see þyrel

þyrlhús [] n (-es/-) turner’s shop

þyrlian [] wv/t2 to make a hole through, pierce through, perforate; to make hollow, excavate; fig to make vain

þyrlic see samod~

þyrn see þorn

þyrncynn [] n (-es/-) kind of thorn, small prickly plant

þyrne [] f (-an/-an) thorn-bush, bramble

þyrnen [] adj thorny, of thorns

þyrnet [] n (-tes/-tu) thorn, bramble, thorn-thicket, a place full of thorns

þyrniht [] adj thorny, prickly

þyrnihte [] adj thorny, prickly

þyrran [] wv/t1a to dry, render dry

þyrre [] adj dry, lacking water; lacking sap or moisture; withered; as a medical term, dry [Ger dürr]

þyrrian [] wv/t1a to make or become dry

þyrs [] m (-es/-as) giant, enchanter, demon, wizard

þyrscel see þerscel

þyrscð pres 3rd sing of þerscan

þyrscwold see þerscold

þyrst see þurst

þyrstan [] wv/t1b pers, impers to thirst, thirst after [þurst]; used impersonally, (1) w.a. person, (1a) w.a. person, w.g. object of thirst; personally, w.g. or a. of object of thirst

þyrstig [] adj thirsty

þýs [] instrumental masc, neut sing of þés

þys [] m (-es/-as) storm           

þys- see þis-

þyslic see þyllic

þysma see disma

þyssa see brim~

þýster see þéostor

þýstr- see þéostr-

þýt pres 3rd sing of þéotan

þýtt pres 3rd sing of þéotan

þýtan see á~ [OHG dózón]

þýðel see þýfel

þyðer see þider

þýw- see þéow-

þýwan1 [] wv/t1b to press, impress; stab, pierce; crush, push, oppress, check; threated

þýwð see þíefð